Analysis of Otolith Shape as a Tool for Discriminating Stocks of Cassava Croaker ( Pseudotolithus senegalensis ) in Beninese Waters — Oak Academic Publishing
Research ArticleOpen AccessGoogle Scholar indexed
Analysis of Otolith Shape as a Tool for Discriminating Stocks of Cassava Croaker ( Pseudotolithus senegalensis ) in Beninese Waters
Laboratory of Ecology, Biology and Physiology of Aquatic Organisms, Faculty of Sciences of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
,
Institute of Mathematics and Physical Sciences, University of Abomey-Calavi (UAC), Abomey-Calavi, Benin
,
Laboratory of Ecology, Biology and Physiology of Aquatic Organisms, Faculty of Sciences of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
,
Fisheries Resources Laboratory, Unit HMMN, French Institute for Ocean Science (IFREMER), Boulogne-sur-Mer, France
,
Laboratory of Ecology, Biology and Physiology of Aquatic Organisms, Faculty of Sciences of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
,
Laboratory of Ecology, Biology and Physiology of Aquatic Organisms, Faculty of Sciences of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
,
Laboratory for Research into the Processing and Conservation of Fishery Products (LAREPROH), University of Abomey Calavi (UAC), Abomey-Calavi, Bénin
,
Unit of Population Genetics and Biological Resources, Faculty of Sciences of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
,
Ichtyology Laboratory, Montpellier University П, Montpellier, France
,
Fisheries Resources Laboratory, Unit HMMN, French Institute for Ocean Science (IFREMER), Boulogne-sur-Mer, France
,
Laboratory of Ecology, Biology and Physiology of Aquatic Organisms, Faculty of Sciences of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
1 Laboratory of Ecology, Biology and Physiology of Aquatic Organisms, Faculty of Sciences of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
2 Institute of Mathematics and Physical Sciences, University of Abomey-Calavi (UAC), Abomey-Calavi, Benin
3 Laboratory of Ecology, Biology and Physiology of Aquatic Organisms, Faculty of Sciences of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
4 Fisheries Resources Laboratory, Unit HMMN, French Institute for Ocean Science (IFREMER), Boulogne-sur-Mer, France
5 Laboratory of Ecology, Biology and Physiology of Aquatic Organisms, Faculty of Sciences of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
6 Laboratory of Ecology, Biology and Physiology of Aquatic Organisms, Faculty of Sciences of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
7 Laboratory for Research into the Processing and Conservation of Fishery Products (LAREPROH), University of Abomey Calavi (UAC), Abomey-Calavi, Bénin
8 Unit of Population Genetics and Biological Resources, Faculty of Sciences of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
9 Ichtyology Laboratory, Montpellier University П, Montpellier, France
10 Fisheries Resources Laboratory, Unit HMMN, French Institute for Ocean Science (IFREMER), Boulogne-sur-Mer, France
11 Laboratory of Ecology, Biology and Physiology of Aquatic Organisms, Faculty of Sciences of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
This study examined the right and left otoliths of 174 individuals of Pseudotolithus senegalensis from the Porto-Novo lagoon, Lake Nokoué and the Atlantic coast. The results show a significant variation in the population according to geographic location. Mixed-effects linear analysis showed no significant variation by site, side or sex (p > 0.05). Analysis of otolith shape using ANOVA showed significant differences for length, width and area (p < 0.05), but not for perimeter (p > 0.05). Canonical discriminant analysis revealed significant differences between sites (p < 0.05). Finally, shape analyses showed significant differences between sites (p = 0.0001) and between right and left sides (p = 0.007), but no difference by sex (p = 0.395). The study of otolith morphology is therefore proving to be a valuable tool for differentiating stocks and understanding ecological variations.
KeywordsOtolithsPseudotolithus senegalensisFactorial AnalysisPorto-Novo LagoonAtlantic Coast and Lake Nokoué
Anato, C.B. (1996) Les ressources marines vivantes du Golfe de Guinée de la Guinée Conakry à l’Angola: Cas du Bénin. Atelier Sous Régional du Comité Océ-anograp hique International UNESCO , Cotonou, 5-7 juin 1996, 43.
Edwards, A.J., Gill, A.C. and Abohweyere, P.O. (2001) A Revision of Irvine’ Marine Fishes of Tropical West Africa. Darwin Initiative Report , 2, 157.
Gbaguidi, A. (2000) Statistiques de la pêche maritime artisanale. Direction des Pêches, p. 40.
Gbaguidi, A. (2001) Etude de l’impact écologique et socio-économique de la senne de plage sur les moyens d’existence des communautés de pêche au Bénin. Programme des Moyens d’Existence Durable dans la Pêche. Rapport d’étude. Direction des Pêches, p. 53.
Sossoukpe, E. (2011) Études écologiques sur les Pseudotolithus senegalensis spp (Sciaenidae) dans les eaux littorales du Bénin (Afrique de l’Ouest): Implications pour la conservation et la gestion. Master’s Thesis, Université du Ghana.
Bayagbona, E.O. (1969) Détermination de l’âge et paramètres de croissance ber-talanffy de Pseudotolithus senegalensis typus et Pseudotolithus senegalensis en uti-lisant la «Technique des Otolithes Brûlés». Colloque Actes Océanographie et Ressour ces Halieutiques Atlantique Tropical , UNESCO , Abidjan, 349-359.
Kasumyan, A.O. (2004) The Vestibular System and Sense of Equilibrium in Fish. Journal of Ichthyology , 44, S224.
Casselman, J.M. (1987) Détermination de l’âge et de la croissance. In: Weatherley, A.H. and Gill, H.S., Eds., Dans La biologie de la croissance des poisons , Academic Press, 209-242.
Reibisch, J. (1899) Ueber die Einzahl bei Pleuronectes platessa und die Altersbes-timmung dieser Form aus den Otolithen. Helgol Wiss Meeresunters , 4, 233-248.
Campana, S.E. and Jones, C.M. (1992) Analysis of Otolith Microstructure Data. In: Stevenson, D.K. and Campana, S.E., Eds., Otolith Microstructure Exami nation and Analysis , Canadian Special Publication Fisheries Aquatic Sciences, 73-100.
Gettel, G.M., Deegan, L.A. and Harvey, C.J. (1997) A Comparison of Whole and Thin-Sectioned Otolith Aging Techniques and Validation of Annuli for Arctic Grayling. Northwest Science , 71, 224-232.
Mendoza, R.P.R. (2006) Otoliths and Their Applications in Fishery Science. Ribarst vo , 64, 89-102.
Capoccioni, F., Costa, C., Aguzzi, J., Menesatti, P., Lombarte, A. and Ciccotti, E. (2011) Ontogenetic and Environmental Effects on Otolith Shape Variability in Three Mediterranean European Eel ( Anguilla anguilla , L.) Local Stocks. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology , 397, 1-7. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jembe.2010.11.011
Smith, W.E. and Kwak, T.J. (2014) A Capture-Recapture Model of Amphidromous Fish Dispersal. Journal of Fish Biology , 84, 897-912. https://doi.org/10.1111/jfb.12316
Tuset, V.M., Lombarte, A. and Assis, C.A. (2008) Otolith Atlas for the Western Medi-terranean, North and Central Eastern Atlantic. Scientia Marina , 72, 7-198. https://doi.org/10.3989/scimar.2008.72s1199
Bani, A., Poursaeid, S. and Tuset, V.M. (2013) Comparative Morphology of the Sagittal Otolith in Three Species of South Caspian Gobies. Journal of Fish Biology , 82, 1321-1332. https://doi.org/10.1111/jfb.12073
Jawad, L.A., Hoedemakers, K., Ibáñez, A.L., Ahmed, Y.A., Abu El-Regal, M.A. and Mehanna, S.F. (2017) Morphology Study of the Otoliths of the Parrotfish, Chlorurus sordidus (Forsskål, 1775) and Hipposcarus harid (Forsskål, 1775) from the Red Sea Coast of Egypt (Family: Scaridae). Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom , 98, 819-828. https://doi.org/10.1017/s0025315416002034
Bose, A.P.H., Adragna, J.B. and Balshine, S. (2016) Otolith Morphology Varies between Populations, Sexes and Male Alternative Reproductive Tactics in a Vocal Toadfish Porichthys notatus . Journal of Fish Biology , 90, 311-325. https://doi.org/10.1111/jfb.13187
Pothin, K., Gonzalez‐Salas, C., Chabanet, P. and Lecomte‐Finiger, R. (2006) Distinction between Mulloidichthys flavolineatus Juveniles from Reunion Island and Mauritius Island (South-West Indian Ocean) Based on Otolith Morphometrics. Journal of Fish Biology , 69, 38-53. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8649.2006.01047.x
Duarte-Neto, P., Lessa, R., Stosic, B. and Morize, E. (2008) The Use of Sagittal Otoliths in Discriminating Stocks of Common Dolphinfish ( Coryphaena hippurus ) off Northeastern Brazil Using Multishape Descriptors. ICES Journal of Marine Science , 65, 1144-1152. https://doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fsn090
Hüssy, K. (2008) Otolith Shape in Juvenile Cod ( Gadus morhua ): Ontogenetic and Environmental Effects. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology , 364, 35-41. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jembe.2008.06.026
Berg, F., Almeland, O.W., Skadal, J., Slotte, A., Andersson, L. and Folkvord, A. (2018) Genetic Factors Have a Major Effect on Growth, Number of Vertebrae and Otolith Shape in Atlantic Herring ( Clupea harengus ). PLOS ONE , 13, e0190995. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0190995
Bremm, C. and Schulz, U. (2014) Otolith Atlas of Fish of the Sinos River. Brazilian Journal of Biology , 74, 274-282. https://doi.org/10.1590/1519-6984.11612
Lestrel, P.E. (1997) Fourier Descriptors and Their Applications in Biology. Cam-bridge University Press.
Andrialovanirina, N., Caillault, É.P., Couette, S., Laffont, R., Poloni, L., Lutet-Toti, C., et al . (2023) Asymmetry of Sagittal Otolith Shape Based on Inner Ear Side Tested on Mediterranean Red Mullet ( Mullus barbatus Linnaeus, 1758): Comparative Analysis of 2D and 3D Otolith Shape Data. Symmetry , 15, Article No. 1067. https://doi.org/10.3390/sym15051067
Kuhl, F.P. and Giardina, C.R. (1982) Elliptic Fourier Features of a Closed Contour. Computer Graphics and Image Processing , 18, 236-258. https://doi.org/10.1016/0146-664x(82)90034-x
Cadrin, S.X. and Friedland, K.D. (1999) The Utility of Image Processing Techniques for Morphometric Analysis and Stock Identification. Fisheries Research , 43, 129-139. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0165-7836(99)00070-3
Stransky, C. and MacLellan, S.E. (2005) Species Separation and Zoogeography of Redfish and Rockfish (Genus Sebastes ) by Otolith Shape Analysis. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences , 62, 2265-2276. https://doi.org/10.1139/f05-143
Rohlf, F.J. and Archie, J.W. (1984) A Comparison of Fourier Methods for the Description of Wing Shape in Mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae). Systematic Zoology , 33, 302-317. https://doi.org/10.2307/2413076
Mahe, K., Oudard, C., Mille, T., Keating, J., Gonçalves, P., Clausen, L.W., et al . (2016) Identifying Blue Whiting ( Micromesistius Poutassou ) Stock Structure in the Northeast Atlantic by Otolith Shape Analysis. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences , 73, 1363-1371. https://doi.org/10.1139/cjfas-2015-0332
Boschetti, A. and Massaron, L. (2016) Python Data Science Essentials. 2nd Edition, Springer.
Adjigbe, G., Gangbazo Kpogue, D. and Zounon, Y. (2023) Study of the Population Structure, Exploitation Level and Growth in Relation to the Otoliths Weight of Pseudotolithus Senegalensis (Valenciennes, 1833) and Pseudotolithus Senegalensis Typus (Bleeker, 1863) in Benin Coasts. Research Square.
Santos, J.E.P., Villasenor, M., De Peters, E.J., Robinson P.H., Baldwin B.C. (2002). Type de graines de coton et de gossypol dans l’alimentation des vaches laitières en lactation: Performances lactationnelles et gossypol plasmatique. Journal des sciences laitières , 85, 1491-1501.
Castonguay, M., Simard, P. and Gagnon, P. (1991) Usefulness of Fourier Analysis of Otolith Shape for Atlantic Mackerel ( Scomber scombrus ) Stock Discrimination. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences , 48, 296-302. https://doi.org/10.1139/f91-041
Campana, S.E. and Casselman, J.M. (1993) Stock Discrimination Using Otolith Shape Analysis. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences , 50, 1062-1083. https://doi.org/10.1139/f93-123
Begg, G., Overholtz, W. and Munroe, N. (2001) The Use of Internal Otolith Morpho-metrics for Identification of Haddock ( Melanogrammus aeglefinus ) Stocks on George Bank. Fishery Bulletin , 99, 1-14.
Reis-Santos, P., Vasconcelos, R.P., Tanner, S.E., Fonseca, V.F., Cabral, H.N. and Gillanders, B.M. (2018) Extrinsic and Intrinsic Factors Shape the Ability of Using Otolith Chemistry to Characterize Estuarine Environmental Histories. Marine Environmental Research , 140, 332-341. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marenvres.2018.06.002
Begg, G.A. and Brown, R.W. (2000) Stock Identification of Haddock Melanogram mus aeglefinus on Georges Bank Based on Otolith Shape Analysis. Transactions of the American Fisheries Society , 129, 935-945. https://doi.org/10.1577/1548-8659(2000)129<0935:siohma>2.3.co;2
Cardinale, M., Doering-Arjes, P., Kastowsky, M. and Mosegaard, H. (2004) Effects of Sex, Stock, and Environment on the Shape of Known-Age Atlantic Cod ( Gadus morhua ) Otoliths. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences , 61, 158-167. https://doi.org/10.1139/f03-151
Torres, G.J., Lombarte, A. and Morales-Nin, B. (2000) Sagittal Otolith Size and Shape Variability to Identify Geographical Intraspecific Differences in Three Species of the Genus Merluccius . Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom , 80, 333-342. https://doi.org/10.1017/s0025315499001915
Gagliano, M. and McCormick, M. (2004) Feeding History Influences Otolith Shape in Tropical Fish. Marine Ecology Progress Series , 278, 291-296. https://doi.org/10.3354/meps278291
Swan, S.C., Geffen, A.J., Morales-Nin, B., Gordon, J.D.M., Shimmield, T., Sawyer, T., et al . (2006) Otolith Chemistry: An Aid to Stock Separation of Helicolenus dactylopterus (Bluemouth) and Merluccius merluccius (European Hake) in the Northeast Atlantic and Mediterranean. ICES Journal of Marine Science , 63, 504-513. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.icesjms.2005.08.012
Vignon, M. and Morat, F. (2010) Environmental and Genetic Determinant of Otolith Shape Revealed by a Non-Indigenous Tropical Fish. Marine Ecology Progress Series , 411, 231-241. https://doi.org/10.3354/meps08651
Simoneau, M., Casselman, J.M. and Fortin, R. (2000) Determining the Effect of Negative Allometry (Length/Height Relationship) on Variation in Otolith Shape in Lake Trout ( Salvelinus namaycush ), Using Fourier-Series Analysis. Canadian Journal of Zoology , 78, 1597-1603. https://doi.org/10.1139/z00-093
Monteiro, L.R., Beneditto, A.P.M.D., Guillermo, L.H. and Rivera, L.A. (2005) Allometric Changes and Shape Differentiation of Sagitta Otoliths in Sciaenid Fishes. Fisheries R esearch , 74, 288-299. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fishres.2005.03.002
Rebaya, M., Ben Faleh, R., Khedher, M., Trojette, M., Marsaoui, B., Fatnassi, M., et al . (2017) Otolith Shape Discrimination of Liza ramada (Actinopterygii: Mugiliformes: Mugilidae) from Marine and Estuarine Populations in Tunisia. Acta Ichthyologica et Piscatoria , 47, 13-21. https://doi.org/10.3750/aiep/02006
Trojette, M. (2015) Stock Discrimination of Two Insular Populations of Diplodus annularis (Actinopterygii: Perciformes: Sparidae) along the Coast of Tunisia by Analysis of Otolith Shape. Acta Ichthyologica et Piscatoria , 45, 363-372. https://doi.org/10.3750/aip2015.45.4.04
Bostanci, D., Yilmaz, M., Yedier, S., Kurucu, G., Kontas, S., Darçin, M., et al . (2016) Sagittal Otolith Morphology of Sharpsnout Seabream Diplodus puntazzo (Walbaum, 1792) in the Aegean Sea. International Journal of Morphology , 34, 484-488. https://doi.org/10.4067/s0717-95022016000200012
Bird, J.L., Eppler, D.T. and Checkley Jr., D.M. (1986) Comparisons of Herring Otoliths Using Fourier Series Shape Analysis. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences , 43, 1228-1234. https://doi.org/10.1139/f86-152
Zhang, C., Ye, Z., Li, Z., Wan, R., Ren, Y. and Dou, S. (2016) Population Structure of Japanese Spanish Mackerel Scomberomorus niphonius in the Bohai Sea, the Yellow Sea and the East China Sea: Evidence from Random Forests Based on Otolith Features. Fisheries Science , 82, 251-256. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12562-016-0968-x