An Integrated Socio-Economic and Ecological Framework for Evaluating the Societal Costs and Benefits of Fishing Activities in the Pearl River Delta — Oak Academic Publishing
Research ArticleOpen AccessGoogle Scholar indexed
An Integrated Socio-Economic and Ecological Framework for Evaluating the Societal Costs and Benefits of Fishing Activities in the Pearl River Delta
Zhejiang Provincial Key Research Institute of Philosophy and Social Sciences for Ecological Civilization, School of Economics and Management, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, China
,
School of Economics and Business Administration, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
,
Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
,
Centre for the Economics and Management of Aquatic Resources (CEMARE), University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth, UK
1 Zhejiang Provincial Key Research Institute of Philosophy and Social Sciences for Ecological Civilization, School of Economics and Management, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, China
2 School of Economics and Business Administration, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
3 Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
4 Centre for the Economics and Management of Aquatic Resources (CEMARE), University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth, UK
This paper puts forward a model of Pearl River Delta (PRD) fishery in the South China Sea (SCS) that integrates the ecological, social and economic costs and benefits of fisheries activities in a multidisciplinary framework. In particular, an integrated ECOST model is composed of links between an ecological model constructed by Ecopath with Ecosim (EwE) software and a region Social Accounting Matrix (SAM). Then the costs and benefits of five fishing methods are compared from economic, ecological and social three dimensions base on the ECOST model. The potential effects of fishing effort reduction on fishing communication are explored by a series of dynamic simulations for a 10-year period. Key results from prediction (2005-2015) and policy simulations illustrate that fisheries of PRE are geared toward short-term economic profits at the expense of ecological gains and the whole group of societal benefits associated with fishing. However, the status quo can be improved to better levels by reducing fishing efforts.
KeywordsIntegrated ECOST ModelEcopath with EcosimCosts and Benefits AnalysisFishing Activities
Duan, L.J., Li, S.Y., Liu, Y., Jiang, T. and Failler, P. (2009) A Trophic Model of the Pearl River Delta Coastal Ecosystem. Ocean & Coastal Management, 52, 359-367. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ocecoaman.2009.04.005
Duan, L.J., Li, S.Y., Liu, Y., Moreau, J. and Christensen, V. (2009) Modeling Changes in the Coastal Ecosystem of the Pearl River Estuary from 1981 to 1998. Ecological Modelling, 220, 2802-2818. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2009.07.016
Wang, Y., Li, S.Y., Duan, L.J. and Liu, Y. (2012) Fishery Policy Exploration in the Pearl River Estuary Based on an Ecosim Model. Ecological Modelling, 230, 34-43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2012.01.017
Wang, Y., et al. (2015) Modeling the Effect of the Seasonal Fishing Moratorium on the Pearl River Estuary Using Ecosystem Simulation. Ecological Modelling, 312, 406-416. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2015.06.011
Yu, H.G. and Yu, Y.J. (2008) Fishing Capacity Management in China: Theoretic and Practical Perspectives. Marine Policy, 32, 351-359. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.marpol.2007.07.004
Ommer, R.E., et al. (2012) Social-Ecological Dynamism, Knowledge, and Sustainable Coastal Marine Fisheries. Current Opinion in Environmental Sustainability, 4, 316-322. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cosust.2012.05.010
Kittinger, J.N., Finkbeiner, E.M., Ban, N.C., Broad, K., Carr, M.H., Cinner, J.E., Gelcich, S., Cornwell, M.L., Koehn, Z.J., Basurto, X., Fujita, R., Caldwell, M.R. and Crowder, L.B. (2013) Emerging Frontiers in Social-Ecological Systems Research for Sustainability of Small-Scale Fisheries. Current Opinion in Environmental Sustainability, 5, 352-357. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cosust.2013.06.008
Gordon, H.S. (1954) The Economic Theory of a Common-Property Resource: The Fishery. Journal of Political Economy, 62, 124-142. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/257497
Schaefer, M.B. (1957) Some Considerations of Population Dynamics and Economics in Relation to the Management of Marine Fisheries. Journal of Fisheries Research Board of Canada, 14, 669-681. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/f57-025
Clark, C.W. (1976) Mathematical Bioeconomics: The Optimal Management of Renewable Resources. Wiley, New York.
Worm, B., Hilborn, R., Baum, K.J., Branch, T.A., Collie, J.S., Costello, C., Fogarty, M.J., Fulton, E.A., Hutchings, J.A., Jennings, S., Jensen, O.P., Lotze, H.K., Mace, P.M., McClanahan, T.R., Minto, C., Palumbi, S.R., Parma, A.M., Ricard, D., Rosenberg, A.A., Watson, R. and Zeller, D. (2009) Rebuilding Global Fisheries. Science, 325, 578-585. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.1173146
Andrews, M. and Rossi, D. (1986) The Economic Impacts of Commercial Fisheries and Marine Related Activities: A Critical Review of Northeastern Input-Output Studies. Coastal Zone Management Journal, 13, 335-367. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08920758609361987
Steinback, S. (1999) Regional Economic Impact Assessments of Recreational Fisheries: An Application of the IMPLAN Modeling System to Marine Party and Charter Boat Fishing in Maine. North American Journal of Fishery Management, 19, 725-736. http://dx.doi.org/10.1577/1548-8675(1999)019 2.0.CO;2
Leung, P. and Pooley, S. (2002) Regional Economic Impacts of Reductions in Fisheries Production: A Supply-Driven Approach. Marine Resource Economics, 16, 251-262.
Cai, J.N., Leung, P.S., Pan, M.L. and Pooley, S. (2005) Economic Linkage Impacts of Hawaii’s Long Line Fishing Regulations. Fisheries Research, 74, 232-242. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fishres.2005.02.006
Kwaka, S.J., Yoob, S.H. and Changa, J.I. (2005) The Role of the Maritime Industry in the Korean National Economy: An Input-Output Analysis. Marine Policy, 29, 371-383. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.marpol.2004.06.004
Lee, M.K. and Yoo, S.H. (2014) The Role of the Capture Fisheries and Aquaculture Sectors in the Korean National Economy: An Input-Output Analysis. Marine Policy, 44, 448-456. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.marpol.2013.10.014
Seung, C. and Waters, E. (2006) A Review of Regional Economic Models for Fisheries Management in the U.S. Marine Resource Economics, 21, 101-124.
Seung, C. and Waters, E. (2006) The Role of the Alaska Seafood Industry: A Social Accounting Matrix (SAM) Model Approach to Economic Base Analysis. The Annals of Regional Science, 40, 335-350. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00168-005-0048-0
Fernandez-Macho, J., Gallastegui, C. and Gonzalez, P. (2008) Economic impacts of TAC Regulation: A Supply-Driven SAM Approach. Fisheries Research, 90, 225-234. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fishres.2007.10.019
Seung, C. and Waters, E. (2009) Measuring the Economic Linkage of Alaska Fisheries: A Supply-Driven Social Accounting Matrix (SDSAM) Approach. Fisheries Research, 97, 17-23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fishres.2008.12.013
Arita, S., et al. (2014) The Distributive Economic Impacts of Hawaii’s Commercial Fishery: A SAM Analysis. Fisheries Research, 145, 82-89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fishres.2013.02.005
Pikitch, E.K., Santora, C., Babcock, E.A., Bakun, A., Bonfil, R., Conover, D.O., Dayton, P., Doukakis, P., Fluharty, D., Heneman, B., Houde, E.D., Link. J., Livingston, P.A., Mangel, M., McAllister, M.K., Pope, J. and Sainsbury, K.J. (2004) Ecosystem-Based Fishery Management. Science, 305, 346-347. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.1098222
Jin, D., Hoagland, P. and Dalton, T.M. (2003) Linking Economic and Ecological Models for a Marine Ecosystem. Ecological Economics, 46, 367-385. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolecon.2003.06.001
Finnoff, D. and Tschirhart, J. (2003) Harvesting in an Eight-Species Ecosystem. Journal of Environmental Economics and Management, 45, 589-611. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0095-0696(02)00025-6
Finnoff, D. and Tschirhart, J. (2008) Linking Dynamic Economic and Ecological General Equilibrium Models. Resource and Energy Economics, 30, 91-114. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.reseneeco.2007.08.005
Jin, D., et al. (2012) Development of an Integrated Economic and Ecological Framework for Ecosystem-Based Fisheries Management in New England. Progress in Oceanography, 102, 93-101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pocean.2012.03.007
Failler, P. and Pan, H.R. (2007) Global Value, Full Value and Societal Costs: Capturing the True Cost of Destroying Marine Ecosystems. Social Science Information, 46, 109-134. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0539018407073660
Qiu, Y.S., Zeng, X.G., Chen, T., Wang, Y.Z. and Yuan, W.W. (2008) Fisheries Resource and Fisheries Management in South China Sea. Beijing Press, Beijing.
Li, Y.Z., Chen, G.B. and Sun, D.R. (2000) Analysis of the Composition of Fishes in the Pearl River Estuarine Waters. Journal of Fisheries of China, 24, 312-317.
Xue, G.F. (2004) China’s Response to International Fisheries Law and Policy: National Action and Regional Cooperation, Centre for Maritime Policy. University of Wollongong, Wollongong.
Zhong, Y. and Power, G. (1997) Fisheries in China: Progress, Problems, and Prospects. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, 54, 224-238. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/f96-265
Plagányi, é.E. (2007) Models for an Ecosystem Approach to Fisheries. FAO Fisheries Technical Paper, No. 477, FAO, Rome.
Pan, H.R. (2009) The ECOST Model: An Integration of Social, Economic and Ecological Systems for Fisheries. http://www.ird.fr/ecostproject/doku.php?id=wp_5_production_of_ecost_model_9_months
Christensen, V., Walters, C.J. and Pauly, D. (2005) Ecopath with Ecosim: A User’s Guide. Fisheries Centre, University of British Columbia, Vancouver.
Christensen, V. and Pauly, D. (1992) ECOPATH II: A Software for Balancing Steady-State Ecosystem Models and Calculating Network Characteristics. Ecological Modelling, 61, 169-185. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0304-3800(92)90016-8
Jia, X.P., Li, C.H. and Qiu, Y.S. (2005) Survey and Evaluation of Guangdong Marine Fishery Resources and the Measures for Sustainable Utilization. Chinese Ocean Press, Beijing.
Farber, S., Costanza, R., Childers, D.L., Erickson, J., Gross, K., Grove, M., Hopkinson, C.S., Kahn, J., Pincetl, S., Troy, A., Warren, P. and Wilson, M. (2006) Linking Ecology and Economics for Ecosystem Management. BioScience, 56, 121-133. http://dx.doi.org/10.1641/0006-3568(2006)056[0121:LEAEFE]2.0.CO;2
Pauly, D. (1988) Some Definitions of Overfishing Relevant to Coastal Zone Management in Southeast Asia. Tropical coastal Area Management, 3, 14-15.
Murawski, S.A. (2000) Definitions of Overfishing from an Ecosystem Perspective. ICES Journal of Marine Science, 57, 649-658. http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/jmsc.2000.0738
Srinivasan, U.T., Cheung, W.W.L., Watson, R. and Sumaila, U.R. (2010) Food Security Implications of Global Marine Catch Losses Due to Overfishing. Journal of Bioeconomics, 12, 183-200. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10818-010-9090-9
Mace, P.M. (2001) A New Role for MSY in Single-Species and Ecosystem Approaches to Fisheries Stock Assessment and Management. Fish and Fisheries, 2, 2-32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1467-2979.2001.00033.x
Walters, C.J., Christensen, V., Martell, S.J. and Kitchell, J.F. (2005) Possible Ecosystem Impacts of Applying MSY Policies from Single-Species Assessment. ICES Journal of Marine Science, 62, 558-568. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.icesjms.2004.12.005
Liu, Y.J., Sumaila, U.R. and Volpe, J.P. (2011) Potential Ecological and Economic Impacts of Sea Lice from Farmed Salmon on Wild Salmon Fisheries. Ecological Economics, 70, 1746-1755. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolecon.2011.04.017
Gourguet, S., Macher, C., Doyen, L., Thébaud, O., Bertignac, M. and Guyader, O. (2013) Managing Mixed Fisheries for Bio-Economic Viability. Fisheries Research, 140, 46-62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fishres.2012.12.005
Millennium Ecosystem Assessment (2003) Ecosystems and Human Well-Being: A Framework for Assessment. Island Press, Washington DC.
Millennium Ecosystem Assessment (2005) Ecosystems and Human Well-Being: Synthesis. Island Press, Washington DC.
Teh, L.S.L., Teh, L.C.L. and Sumaila, U.R. (2011) Quantifying the Overlooked Socio-Economic Contribution of Small-Scale Fisheries in Sabah, Malaysia. Fisheries Research, 110, 450-458. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fishres.2011.06.001
Crilly, R. and Esteban, A. (2013) Small versus Large-Scale, Multi-Fleet Fisheries: The Case for Economic, Social and Environmental Access Criteria in European Fisheries. Marine Policy, 37, 20-27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.marpol.2012.04.018
Cheung, W.W.L. and Sadovy, Y. (2004) Retrospective Evaluation of Data-Limited Fisheries: A Case from Hong Kong. Reviews of Fish Biology and Fisheries, 14, 181-206. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11160-004-5422-y
Cheung, W.W.L. and Pitcher, T.J. (2006) Designing Fisheries Management Policies That Conserve Marine Species Diversity in the Northern South China Sea. In: Kruse, G.H., Gallucci, D.E., Hay, R.I., Perry, R.I., Peterman, R.M., Shirley, T.C., Spencer, P.D., Wilson, B. and Woodby, D., Eds., Fisheries Assessment and Management in Data-Limited Situations, Alaska Sea Grant College Program, University of Alaska Fairbanks, Alaska, 439-466.
Zivin, J.G. (2013) Vessel Buybacks in Fisheries: The Role of Auction and Financing Structures. ISSF Technical Report International Seafood Sustainability Foundation, Washington DC.
Squires, D. (2010) Fisheries Buybacks: A Review and Guidelines. Fish and Fisheries, 11, 366-387. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-2979.2010.00365.x
Pauly, D. and Christensen, V. (1993) Stratified Models of Large Marine Ecosystems: A General Approach and an Application to the South China Sea. In: Sherman, K., Alexander, L.M. and Gold, B.D., Eds., Large Marine Ecosystems: Stress, Mitigation, and Sustainability, American Association for the Advancement of Science, Washington DC, 148-174.
Heymans, J.J., Sumaila, U.R. and Christensen, V. (2009) Policy Options for the Northern Benguela Ecosystem Using a Multispecies, Multifleet Ecosystem Model. Progress in Oceanography, 83, 417-425. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pocean.2009.07.013
Lu, H.-J. and Lee, H.-L. (2014) Changes in the Fish Species Composition in the Coastal Zones of the Kuroshio Current and China Coastal Current during Periods of Climate Change: Observations from the Set-Net Fishery (1993-2011). Fisheries Research, 155, 103-113. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fishres.2014.02.032
Qiu, Y.S., Lin, Z.J. and Wang, Y.Z. (2010) Responses of Fish Production to Fishing and Climate Variability in the Northern South China Sea. Progress in Oceanography, 85, 197-212. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pocean.2010.02.011
Cheung, W.W.L. and Sumaila, U.R. (2008) Trade-Offs between Conservation and Socio-Economic Objective in Managing a Tropical Marine Ecosystem. Ecological Economics, 66, 193-210. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolecon.2007.09.001
Christensen, V., Steinback, J. and Failler, P. (2011) A Combined Ecosystem and Value Chain Modeling Approach for Evaluating Societal Cost and Benefit of Fishing. Ecological Modelling, 222, 857-864. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2010.09.030