Ameliorative Effects of <i>Spirulina platensis</i> on Deltamethrin-Induced Biochemical Alterations and Oxidative Stress in the African Catfish; <i>Clarias gariepinus</i>

Abstract

The present study was carried out to determine LC 50 of deltamethrin (DM) in the African catfish; Clarias gariepinus , investigate its effects on the biochemical parameters and the antioxidant status of various tissues, and assess the protective role of Spirulina platensis (SP) against DM induced toxicity in C. gariepinus . The fish were distributed into seven groups of 10 fish/each for 30 days as follows: Group 1, control; Group 2, orally administered saline; Group 3, oral SP (150 mg/kg b.w.); Group 4, exposed to 5.19 μg/l DM; Group 5, exposed to 5.19 μg/l DM and orally administered SP (150 mg/kg b.w.); Group 6, exposed to 12.97 μg/l DM; and Group 7, exposed to 12.97 μg/l DM and orally administered SP (150 mg/kg b.w.). Results revealed marked elevation in serum AST, ALT, ALP, creatinine, urea and uric acid. Significant decrease in serum total protein and albumin was recorded. At the same time, the level of malondialdehyde (MDA) was significantly increased in liver, kidney and gills. While, tissue level ofGSHand, SOD,CATandGSH-Px activities were reduced. Treatment with SP improved the biochemical parameters and attenuated the DM induced oxidative damage. Therefore, this study confirmed the protective role of SP as an antioxidant against the toxicity of DM in catfish.