Morphological and Structural Study of Native Kidneys in Chronic Kidney Disease Patients on Dialysis Compared to Non-Dialysis Patients — Oak Academic Publishing
Research ArticleOpen AccessGoogle Scholar indexed
Morphological and Structural Study of Native Kidneys in Chronic Kidney Disease Patients on Dialysis Compared to Non-Dialysis Patients
Nephrology and Hemodialysis Academic Clinic, National University Hospital Center, Hubert K Maga (CNHU-HKM) of Cotonou, Cotonou, Benin
,
CNHU-HKM Medical Imaging Center, Cotonou, Benin
,
CNHU-HKM Medical Imaging Center, Cotonou, Benin
,
Nephrology Healthcare Center, Borgou Regional Hospital, Parakou, Benin
,
Nephrology and Hemodialysis Academic Clinic, National University Hospital Center, Hubert K Maga (CNHU-HKM) of Cotonou, Cotonou, Benin
,
Nephrology and Hemodialysis Academic Clinic, National University Hospital Center, Hubert K Maga (CNHU-HKM) of Cotonou, Cotonou, Benin
,
CNHU-HKM Medical Imaging Center, Cotonou, Benin
1 Nephrology and Hemodialysis Academic Clinic, National University Hospital Center, Hubert K Maga (CNHU-HKM) of Cotonou, Cotonou, Benin
2 CNHU-HKM Medical Imaging Center, Cotonou, Benin
3 CNHU-HKM Medical Imaging Center, Cotonou, Benin
4 Nephrology Healthcare Center, Borgou Regional Hospital, Parakou, Benin
5 Nephrology and Hemodialysis Academic Clinic, National University Hospital Center, Hubert K Maga (CNHU-HKM) of Cotonou, Cotonou, Benin
6 Nephrology and Hemodialysis Academic Clinic, National University Hospital Center, Hubert K Maga (CNHU-HKM) of Cotonou, Cotonou, Benin
Whether on dialysis or not, native kidneys in chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients undergo morphological and structural changes. Objective: To study native kidney morphometric and structural aspects in CKD patients on dialysis and non-dialysis patients. Methods: It was a descriptive, analytical, and cross-sectional study conducted from May to December 2018. The study enrolled CKD patients on dialysis or not followed at CNHU-HKM in Cotonou. Renal ultrasound was performed to locate cysts and uroscanner completed in the presence of atypical cysts. Through logistic regression, associated factors were determined. Results: The sample size was 240 patients, of which 151 (62.9%) were receiving dialysis and 89 (37.1%) non-dialysis patients. Male subjects were predominant (sex ratio = 1.5). The average size of the right kidney, expressed in mm in patients on dialysis was: pole-to-pole length = 78.56; width = 42.06; cortical thickness = 11.80; and the left kidney: pole-to-pole length = 79.76; width = 41.53; cortical thickness = 12.6. For non-dialysis patients, the following size was recorded for the right kidney: pole-to-pole length = 92.35; width = 47.61; cortical thickness = 15.64; and left kidney: length = 92.13; width = 47.82; cortical thickness = 15.43. Predictive factors for the occurrence of acquired renal cysts were: old age (p = 0.0001), dialysis (p < 0.001) and diabetic nephropathy (p = 0.0014). Conclusion: CKD patients on dialysis have small kidneys and are more likely to develop acquired renal cysts. There is a need to carry out an annual ultrasound screening for native kidneys in patients receiving dialysis.
Savi de Tove, K.M., Biaou, O., Mobima, T., Yekpe, P. and Boco, V. (2015) Longueur et échogénicité rénale dans l’insuffisance rénale à Parakou. Journal Africain d’Imagerie Médicale, 4, 208-216.
National Kidney Foundation (2002) K/DOKI Clinical Practice Guideline for Chronic Kidney Disease: Evaluation, Classification and Stratification. American Journal of Kidney Disease, 39, S1-266.
Levey, A.S., Eckardt, K.-U., Tsukamoto, Y., Levin, A., Coresh, J., et al. (2005) Definition and Classification of Chronic Kidney Disease: A Position Statement from Kidney Disease; Improving Global Outcomes (K/DIGO). Kidney International, 67, 2089-2100. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1523-1755.2005.00365.x
Robert Atkins, C. (2005) The Epidemiology of Chronic Kidney Disease. Kidney International, 67, 14-18. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1523-1755.2005.09403.x
Diallo, A., Niamkey, E. and Beda, Y. (1997) L’insuffisance rénale chronique en Côte d’Ivoire: étude de 800 cas hospitalisés. Bulletin de la Société de Pathologie Exotique, 90, 346-348.
Levey, A.S. and Coresh, J. (2012) Chronic Kidney Disease. The Lancet, 379, 165-180. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(11)60178-5
Dunnill, M.S., Millard, P.R. and Oliver, D. (1977) Acquired Cystic Disease of the Kidneys: A Hazard of Long-Term Intermittent Maintenance Haemodialysis. Journal of Clinical Pathology, 30, 868-877. https://doi.org/10.1136/jcp.30.9.868
Holley, J.L. (2007) Screening, Diagnosis, and the Treatment of Cancer in Long-Term Dialysis Patients. Clinical Journal of the American Society of Nephrology, 2, 604-610. https://doi.org/10.2215/CJN.03931106
Denton, M.D., Magee, C.C., Ovuworie, C., Mauiyyedi, S., Pascual, M., Colvin, R.B., et al. (2002) Prevalence of Renal Cell Carcinoma in Patients with ESRD Pre-Transplantation: A Pathologic Analysis. Kidney International, 61, 2201-2209. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1523-1755.2002.00374.x
Maisonneuve, P., Agodoa, L., Gellert, R., Stewart, J.H., Buccianti, G., Lowenfels, A.B., et al. (1999) Cancer in Patients on Dialysis for End-Stage Renal Disease: An International Collaborative Study. The Lancet, 354, 93-99. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(99)06154-1
Ishikawa, I. (1991) Acquired Cystic Disease: Mechanisms and Manifestations. Seminars in Nephrology, 11, 671-684.
Meola, M., Samoni, S. and Petrucci, I. (2016) Clinical Scenarios in Chronic Kidney Disease. Kidneys’ Structural Changes in End-Stage Renal Disease. ContribNephrol. Basel, Karger, 188, 131-143. https://doi.org/10.1159/000445475
Agboton, B., Yepke, P., Vigan, J., Gandji, S., Kloussa, E., Aguemon, B., et al. (2014) Biométrie rénale de l’adulte béninois apparemment sain. JAMO, 3, 18-23.
Beland, M.D., Walle, N.L., Machan, J.T. and Cronan, J.J. (2010) Renal Cortical Thickness Measured at Ultrasound: Is It Better than Renal Length as an Indicator of Renal Function in Chronic Kidney Disease? American Journal of Roentgenology, 195, 146-149. https://doi.org/10.2214/AJR.09.4104
Ahoui, S., Vigan, J., Dovonou, C.A., Savi de tove, K.M., Agboton, B.L., Koba, G.A.K.K., et al. (2016) Etude de la morphologie des reins chez les insuffisants rénaux chroniques par échographie au centre hospitalier universitaire départemental du borgou (chud/b). Cahiers du CBRST, 9, 1-10.
Makusidi, M.A., Chijioke, A., Braimoh, K.T., Aderibigbe, A., Olanrewaju, T.O. and Liman, H.M. (2014) Usefulness of Renal Length and Volume by Ultrasound in Determining Severity of Chronic Kidney Disease. Saudi Journal of Kidney Diseases and Transplantation, 25, 1117-1121. https://doi.org/10.4103/1319-2442.139981
Jovanovic, D., Gasic, B., Pavlovic, S. and Naumovic, R. (2013) Correlation of Kidney Size with Kidney Function and Anthropometric Parameters in Healthy Subjects and Patients with Chronic Kidney Diseases. Renal Failure, 35, 896-900. https://doi.org/10.3109/0886022X.2013.794683
Moghazi, S., Jones, E., Schroepple, J., Arua, K., McClellan, W., Hennigar, R.A., et al. (2005) Correlation of Renal Histopathology with Sonographic Findings. Kidney International, 67, 1515-1520. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1523-1755.2005.00230.x
Matson, M.A. and Cohen, E.P. (1990) Acquired Cystic Kidney Disease: Occurrence, Prevalence, and Renal Cancers. Medicine (Baltimore), 69, 217-226. https://doi.org/10.1097/00005792-199007000-00003
Kojima, Y., Takahara, S., Miyake, O., Nonomura, N., Morimoto, A. and Mori, H. (2006) Renal Cell Carcinoma in Dialysis Patients: A Single Center Experience. International Journal of Urology, 13, 1045-1048. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1442-2042.2006.01498.x
Gnionsahe, D.A., Lagou, D.A. and Tia, W.M. (2007) Prevalence of Acquired Cystic disease in Black Africans on Hemodialysis in West Africa. Saudi Journal of Kidney Diseases and Transplantation, 18, 114-116.
Correas, J.-M., Joly, D., Chauveau, D., Richard, S. and Hélénon, O. (2011) Insuffisance rénale et maladies kystiques du rein. Journal de Radiologie, 92, 308-322. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jradio.2011.02.021
Rahbari-Oskoui, F. and O’Neill, W.C. (2017) Diagnosis and Management of Acquired Cystic Kidney Disease and Renal Tumors in ESRD Patients. Seminars in Dialysis, 30,373-379. https://doi.org/10.1111/sdi.12605
Mensel, B., Kuhn, J.P., Kracht, F., Volzke, H., Lieb, W., Dabers, T., et al. (2018) Prevalence of Renal Cysts and Association with Risk Factors in a General Population: An MRI-Based Study. Abdominal Radiology, 43, 3068-3074. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00261-018-1565-5
Schwarz, A., Vatandaslar, S., Merkel, S. and Haller, H. (2007) Renal Cell Carcinoma in Transplant Recipients with Acquired Cystic Kidney Disease. Clinical Journal of the American Society of Nephrology, 2, 750-756. https://doi.org/10.2215/CJN.03661106
Scandling, J.D. (2007) Acquired Cystic Kidney Disease and Renal Cell Cancer after Transplantation: Time to Rethink Screening? Clinical Journal of the American Society of Nephrology, 2, 621-622. https://doi.org/10.2215/CJN.02000507
Nahm, A.-M. and Ritz, E. (2001) Acquired Renal Cysts. Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation, 16, 1506-1508. https://doi.org/10.1093/ndt/16.7.1506
Concolino, G., Lubrano, C., Ombres, M., Santonati, A., Flammia, G.P. and di Silverio, F. (1993) Acquired Cystic Disease: The Hormonal Hypothesis. Urology, 41, 170-175. https://doi.org/10.1016/0090-4295(93)90175-A
Farivar-Mohseni, H., Perlmutter, A.E., Wilson, S., Shingleton, W.B., Bigler, S.A. and Fowler Jr., J.E. (2006) Renal Cell Carcinoma and End Stage Renal Disease. Journal of Urology, 175, 2018-2020. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5347(06)00340-5
Truong, L.D., Choi, Y.-J., Shen, S.S., Ayala, G., Amato, R. and Krishnan, B. (2003) Renal Cystic Neoplasms and Renal Neoplasms Associated with Cystic Renal Diseases: Pathogenetic and Molecular Links. Advances in Anatomic Pathology, 10, 135-159. https://doi.org/10.1097/00125480-200305000-00003