Graft Intolerance Syndrome in Children Treated with Kidney Embolization: A Case Report
- 1 Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Kidney Transplant Unit, Cayetano Heredia National Hospital, Lima, Peru
- 2 Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Kidney Transplant Unit, Cayetano Heredia National Hospital, Lima, Peru
- 3 Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Kidney Transplant Unit, Cayetano Heredia National Hospital, Lima, Peru
- 4 Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Kidney Transplant Unit, Cayetano Heredia National Hospital, Lima, Peru
- 5 Department of Radiology Center for Radiological and Endoscopic Interventions (REI), Lima, Peru
- 6 Department of Surgery Renal Transplant Unit, Cayetano Heredia Hospital, Lima, Peru
Abstract
During post-transplant evolution, adolescents may present problems with adherence to treatment, becoming a high-risk group for graft loss. Here, we report a case which describes an adolescent patient who lost a graft due to humoral rejection associated with lack of adherence to treatment. During chronic peritoneal dialysis therapy, the patient developed pain and increased volume in the graft area, fever, gross hematuria and leukocyturia upon urine examination. The patient was diagnosed with graft immune intolerance syndrome and transplantectomy was suggested. Finally, a graft embolization was performed. A decrease in symptoms was observed until the patient became asymptomatic.
- Pérez-Flores, I., et al. (2009) Management of Failed Kidney Graft. Nephrectomy versus Embolization. Nefrología, 29, 54-61.
- O’Sullivan, D.C., Murphy, D.M., McLean, P. and Donovan, M.G. (1994) Transplant Nephrectomy over 20 Years: Factors Involved in Associated Morbidity and Mortality. Journal of Urology, 151, 855-858. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5347(17)35105-4
- Voesten, H.G., Slooff, M.J., Hooykaas, J.A., Tegzess, A.M. and Kootstra, G. (1982) Safe Removal of Failed Transplanted Kidneys. British Journal of Surgery, 69, 480-481.
- González-Satué, D., Riera, I., Franco, E., et al. (2000) Percutaneous Embolization of the Renal Transplant Graft as a Therapeutic Alternative to Surgical Transplant. Actas Urológicas Españolas, 24, 319-324. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0210-4806(00)72455-7
- González-Satué, C., Riera, L., Franco, E., Escalante, E., Dominguez, J. and Serrallach, N. (2000) Percutaneous Embolization of the Failed Renal Allograft in Patients with Graft Intolerance Syndrome. BJU International, 86, 610-612.
- Takase, H.M., Contti, M.M., Nga, H.S., et al. (2018) Nephrectomy versus Embolization of Non-Functioning Renal Graft: A Systematic Review with a Proportional Meta-Analysis. Annals of Transplantation, 23, 207-217. https://doi.org/10.12659/AOT.907700
- Grenier, N., Petitpierre, F., Le Bras, Y., Lasserre, A.S. and Cornelis, F. (2016) Renal Embolization. Néphrologie & Thérapeutique, 12, S139-S143. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nephro.2016.01.009
- Al Badaai, G., Pernin, V., Garrigue, V., et al. (2017) Renal Graft Intolerance Syndrome in Late Graft Failure Patients: Efficacy and Safety of Embolization as First-Line Treatment Compared to Surgical Removal. Transplant International, 30, 484-493.
- Yeast, C., Riley, J.M., Holyoak, J., Ross Jr., G., Weinstein, S. and Wakefield, M. (2016) Use of Preoperative Embolization Prior to Transplant Nephrectomy. International Brazilian Urology, 42, 107-112. https://doi.org/10.1590/S1677-5538.IBJU.2015.0052
- Ye, W., Voss, M.D. and Athreya, S. (2018) Volume Reduction in Enlarged Kidneys in Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease (ADPKD) Prior to Renal Transplant with Transcatheter Arterial Embolization (TAE): A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. CardioVascular and Interventional Radiology, 41, 828-834. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00270-018-1890-7
- Bunthof, K.L.W., Verhoeks, C.M., van den Brand, J.A.J.G. and Hilbrands, L.B. (2018) Graft Intolerance Syndrome Requiring Graft Nephrectomy after Late Kidney Graft Failure: Can It Be Predicted? A Retrospective Cohort Study. Transplant International, 31, 220-229.