One of the meanings of Fundamentalism means literal adherence to religious texts, closure in the past, and contempt for the present and the future together. This is because fundamentalists always look back, not forward. They are fixed to a specific moment in the past, a moment that transcends all moments! Islamic fundamentalism, as explained in the Literatures of fundamentalist groups themselves, is an idea based on adhering to the fundamentals of religion and returning to the beginnings, as was the case during the era of the Prophet and his companions. The central theme of this article is to gain a deeper understanding, and wider discussion of Islamic Fundamentalism; a phenomenon whose destructive effects have reached the four corners of the world. The danger that Islamic fundamentalism poses is that it is the main supplier of ideas to jihadist militias who have carried out most of the terrorist acts in the world. The article, also, tried hard to explore the type of relationship between religion and politics in Islamic fundamentalist thought.
Abdul Karim, K. (1995). Islam between the Religious State and the Civil State (p. 72). Cairo: Sina Publishing House.
Al-Badawi, J. (2002). The Green Sword: A Study in Contemporary Islamic Fundamentalism (pp. 21 and 22). Cairo: Dar Qaba for Printing and Publishing.
Al-Jasur, N. M. (2004). Encyclopedia of Political Science (p. 64). Amman: Majdalawi Printing and Publishing House.
Al-Qaradawi, Y. (1998). Sharia Politics in the Light of Sharia and Its Purposes (p. 17). Cairo: Wahba Library.
Al-Sharafi, M. (2008). Islam and Freedom: Historical Misunderstanding (pp. 23 and 40). Damascus: Petra Publishing and Distribution.
Arkoun, M. (1996). Islamic Thought: Scientific Reading (Translated by Hashem Saleh, 2nd ed., p. 145). Beirut: Arab Development Center.
Ashmawy, M. S. (1996). The Essence of Islam (4th ed., p. 48). Cairo: Madbouly Al-Saghir Library.
Bin Abd Al-Allawi, M. (1998). Contemporary Islam: Reading in the Letter of Rooting (p. 29). Damascus: Dar Mad for Printing and Publishing.
Dkmjian, R. H. (1989). Fundamentalism in the Arab World, Translation: Abdel-Wareth Said (p. 79). Cairo: Dar Al-Wafaa for Printing and Publishing.
Eamara, M. (1994). Salafism (p. 51). Sousse: Dar Al-Maarif for Printing and Publishing.
Glend, M. El-S. (1999). Fundamentalism and Dialogue with the Other (p. 10). Cairo: Dar Qabaa for Printing and Publishing.
Group of Authors (1990). Reading a Religious Text (2nd ed., p. 12). Tunis: The Tunisian Publishing House.
Group of Researchers (2005). The Religious Text and Its Function, Round Table Work Held in Cooperation between the Institute of Islamic and Christian Studies at Saint Joseph University and the Institute of Judicial Knowledge for Religious and Philosophical Studies (p. 47). Beirut: Dar Al-Shorouk.
Haider, K. (1997). The Political Development of the State of Islamic Movements (pp. 1 and 2). Abu Dhabi: Emirates Center for Strategic Studies and Research.
Haider, K. A. (1998). Moderation or Extremism: Critical Reflections on the Islamic Moderation Movement (p. 56). Kuwait: Qurtas Publishing House.
Hamed Abu Zaid, N. (1990). The Concept of the Text: A Study in the Sciences of the Qur’an (p. 17). Cairo: The General Kurdish Book Authority.
Hamed Abu Zaid, N. (1994). Criticism of Religious Discourse (2nd ed., p. 206). Cairo: Sina Publishing House.
Hamed Abu Zayd, N. (1995). Text, Authority, Truth: Religious Thought between the Will to Know and the Will to Dominate (p. 92). Casablanca: Arab Cultural Center.
Hero, L. (1997). Islamic Fundamentalism in the Modern Age, Translated by Abdel Hamid Fahmy Al-Gammal (p. 14). Cairo: Egyptian Book Authority.
Hoffman, M. (1997). Islam as an Alternative, Translated by Adel Al-Muallem (pp. 67 and 68). Cairo: Dar Al-Shorouk.
Hussein, I. A. S. (n.d.). Fundamentalism and Other Fundamentalisms (p. 21). Beirut: Dar Al-Kutub Al-Alamia.
Ibriz, B. (2007). The Concept of Text in the Linguistic Arab Heritage. Journal of Damascus University, Damascus, Syria, First Issue, 23, 34.
Ismail, M. (1993). Political Islam between Fundamentalists and Secularists (p. 96). Kuwait: The Arab Sail Foundation.
Jaafar, A., & Ahmed, H. (1995). The Political Dimensions of the Concept of Governance: A Cognitive Vision (p. 89). Virginia: International Institute of Islamic Thought.
Luhaiq, A. al-R. b. M. (1992). Exaggeration in Religion in the Contemporary Life of Muslims (2nd ed., p. 44). Beirut: Al-Risala Foundation.
Mahmoud, I. (1999). The Holy Fitna: The Controversy Mindset in the Arab Islamic State (p. 236). Beirut: Dar Al-Rayes.
Marranci, G. (2009). Understanding Muslim Identity, Rethinking Fundamentalism (pp. 29 & 53). https://dl.uswr.ac.ir/bitstream/Hannan/130542/1/Gabriele_Marranci_Understanding_ Muslim_Identity_Rethinking_Fundamentalism__2009.pdf
Moadab, A.-W. (2002). The Illusions of Political Islam, Translated into Arabic by Muhammad Bennis and the Author (p. 16). Beirut: Dar Al-Nahar.
Mufti, M. A. (1996). The Pillars and Guarantees of Islamic Governance (p. 52). Riyadh: Al Rayyan Institution for Printing and Publishing.
Qutb, S. (1979). (maealim fi altariq) Milestones in the Road (pp. 18-19, 6th ed.). Beirut: Dar Al-Shorouk.
Qutb, S. (1991). In the Shadows of the Qur’an, Part Three (p. 1256, 17th ed.). Cairo: Dar Al-Shorouk.
Rustam, M. bin Z. Al-A. (2011). The Modernist Understanding of the Religious Text between the Claims of Disciplined Ijtihad and Unrepentant Renewal. In International Forum “Understanding the Quran and Sunna in the Light of the Sciences and Times of Knowledge of the Times” (p. 18). Algeria: Prince Abdul Qadir University.
Saleh, N. A.-Q. (2006). The Dilemma in Religious Thought between Text and Reality (p. 121). Beirut: Dar Al-Taliah.
Sen Nag, O. (2017). What Is Religious Fundamentalism? World Atlas. https://www.worldatlas.com/articles/what-is-religious-fundamentalism.html
Shafai, M. (1999). The Powers of the State between Constitutional and Islamic Thought (p. 18). Cairo: Al-Mahrousa Research Center.
Shboul, H. A. (2018). Allah’s Political Sovereignty, as “Imagined” by Fundamentalists Muslim, and Its Role in Disapproving Secularism in the Arab World. International Journal of Asian History, Culture and Tradition, 5, 8. http://www.eajournals.org/wp-content/uploads/Allahs-Political-Sovereignty-As-Imagined-By-Fundamentalist-Muslims-and-Its-Role-in-Disapproving-Secularism-in-the-Arab-World.pdf