Approaching from Poverty of Democracy to Prosperity: A Comparative Analysis of Democratic Transitions in South Asia (Bangladesh) and Latin America to Contemporary Times

Abstract

Liberty and social equity thrive under systems that empower governments to implement reforms and encourage public participation in nation-building, which democracy facilitates. South Asia and Latin American countries were colonized by European powers, which influenced institutions and community practices. In the 20 th century, South Asia and Latin America experienced a period of instability in their quest for liberation, equity, and economic development. While democracy promoted protection and cooperation, countries in transition faced challenges due to internal and external factors, political philosophies, business objectives, and modernization. South Asia, particularly Bangladesh, and Latin America supported public elections as part of exercising democracy. However, findings highlighted that transition is complicated because of competing authorities compounded by elitism and industrialization. The systematic review of the literature highlights a comparison between South Asia and Latin America because of the commonality in democratic transition. Findings revealed similarities in the following variables: 1) democracy and fragile states, 2) national transformation, 3) corruption and systemic barriers, 4) human rights violations, and 5) policy recommendations. Policy recommendations indicate strengthened partnerships with Asia Pacific countries to promote transparency, social protection, and economic welfare.