The purpose of this research paper is to feed the reflection elicited by the peace talks in Colombia for that serve the construction a better country and a better society of the post-conflict to start from citizens’ confidence in its institutions of justice. To achieve this, it is necessary to begin by the concepts of justice that makes Adam Smith in “Lessons of Jurisprudence” and is associated with the concept of utilitarianism of John Stuart Mill as search for the general happiness. The investigation goes to do traceability exhaustive of the Peace Accords in Colombia to compare them with those achieved by other societies of the post-conflict in two countries in Europe and one from Latin America. A historical and theoretical count, that allows us to conclude in the need for a peace agreement to Colombia based in the justice, in other words, respectful of the rights of victims and territories affected by the armed conflict. An agreement for the peace that prohibits at the demobilized is political representatives by popular voting, as show of support at the victims. Punishment of citizen value over those who committed heinous crimes against humanity.
KeywordsUtilitarianismTransitional JusticeSympathySocial Forgiveness and Social Justice
Agreement on the Victims of the Conflict (15/12/2015). Integral System of Truth, Justice, Reparation and Non-Repetition, Including the Special Court for Peace and Human Rights Commitment. Draft Joint: Government and Guerrillas. http://equipopazgobierno.presidencia.gov.co/acuerdos/Documents/acuerdo-punto-victimas.pdf
Alighieri, D. (2014). The Divine Comedy. Madrid: Mestas Editions.
Archive of the Presidency of the Republic (1/22/2014). Dividends of Peace. Bogota: Press Room. Government Information System, GIS. http://wsp.presidencia.gov.co/Prensa/2014/Enero/Paginas/20140122_08-Palabras-Intervencion- Presidente-Colombia-Juan-Manuel-Santos-tertulia-Los-dividendos-de-la-paz.aspx
Bakke, E., & Peters, I. (2011). 20 Years Since the Fall of the Berlin Wall: Transitions, State Break-Up and Democratic Politics in Central Europe and Germany, United Kingdom. Cambridge: Intersentia Ltd.
Beck, J., & Bozeman, B. (2007). Public Values: An Inventory. Administration & Society, 39, 354-381. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0095399707300703
Bevir, M. (2010). Democratic Governance. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/9781400836857
Camacho, A., & Rodriguez, C. (2013). Firm Exit and Armed Conflict in Colombia. Journal of Conflict Resolution: Sage, 57, 89-116. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0022002712464848
Chaparro, A. A. (2002). Political Culture and Forgiveness. Bogotá: Rosario Universitypress
Coates, K., & Jiménez, F. (2009). Remittances Program. International Remittances in El Salvador. Mexico: Inter American Development Bank, Center for Monetary Studies, Multilateral Investment Fund.
COLPRENSA (5/26/2013). Statement on the Agreement of the First Point of the Peace Talks. Cali, Valle: Daily nes El País.com.co. http://www.elpais.com.co/elpais/judicial/noticias/lea-comunicado-sobre-acuerdo-primer-punto-dialogos-paz
Cotrina Acosta, A. (Compiler) (2013). Peace Processes: A Benchmark, Northern Ireland. Military University of New Granada: Informational Series. UMNG-IEGAP # 141. Institute of Geostrategic Studies and Political Affairs. http://www.iegap-unimilitar.edu.co/images/docs/info141%20procesos% 20de%20paz.%20un%20referente%20irlanda%20del%20norte.pdf
DANE (2015). Great Integrated Household Survey (GIHS) 2014. Bogota: DANE.
El Salvador Reserve Central Bank (2015). Base of Economic and Financial Data. Monthly Income Family Remittances 1991-2016. El Salvador. http://www.bcr.gob.sv/bcrsite/?cdr=85
El Tiempo (09.03.2016). Unanimously Approved Reform of the Public Order Act. Bogotá, Colombia: Newspaper El Tiempo, Section Policy.
Fernández, G. J. (2002). Peace Process in El Salvador Ten Years Later by the Salvadoran Press. Research Group Current History-GEBC (PAI-HUM 315) University of Cadiz. II International Seminar Our Common Heritage, Cádiz (Spain), 22 - April 25, 2002.
Fisas, V. (2010). Peace Process in the Basque Country. Barcelona: Escola de Cultura de Pau, Quaderns de Construcció de Pau, No. 16. http://escolapau.uab.es/img/qcp/procesos_paz_pais_vasco.pdf
Fisk, M. (2004). Public Goods and Radical Justice. A Political Morality for Partnership Resistance. Cali: University of Valle, Collection Arts and Humanities.
Guáqueta, A. (2007). The Way Back in: Reintegrating Illegal Armed Groups in Colombia Then and Now. London: Routledge.
Hauser, M. D. (2008). Moral Minds. How Nature Designed Our Universal Sense of Right and Wrong. Barcelona: Paidós.
Herrera, J. C. (2005). Reconciliation and Transitional Justice: Options Justice, Truth, Repair and Forgiveness (pp. 79-112). Political Paper No. 18, Bogotá.
Human Colombia (2009-2016). Chronology of Peace Talks. Bogota: Regional Centre for Human Rights and Gender Justice, Human Colombia. http://www.humanas.org.co/pagina.php?p_a=82
Human Rights Watch (21/12/2015). Analysis of the “Agreement on Victims of Conflict” Reached by the Government of Colombia and the FARC. https://www.hrw.org/es/news/2015/12/21/analisis-de-human-rights- watch-sobre-el-acuerdo-sobre-las-victimas-del-conflicto
Kaplow, L., & Shavell, S. (2002). Fairness versus Welfare. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
Mill, S. J. (2002). Utilitarianism. Madrid: Alianza Editorial. Introduction, Translation and Notes of Esperanza Guisán Seijas.
Mill, S. J., & Taylor Mill, H. (2001). Essays on Sexual Equality. Valencia: Cátedra, University of Valencia, Introduction of Neus Campillo.
Munoz Cardona, á. E. (2010). Introduction to Economics: A Social Vision and of Entrepreneurship. Medellin: Ude@, University of Antioquia, Engineering Faculty.
Munoz Cardona, á. E. (2014). The New Public Management in Sabaneta, Antioquia. Open Journal of Political Science, 4, 180-194. http://www.scirp.org/journal/PaperInformation.aspx?PaperID=48453 http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/ojps.2014.43019
Munoz Cardona, á. E. (2015). Ethic of Citizen Responsibility: A Way for Peace. Medellin: Icolven, Research Work Post- Doctoral, Vrije Univerisiteit Amsterdam, NUFFIC.
Ospina, M. C. (23/12/2015). Reasons to Celebrate This Christmas. Medellin: Newspaper El Colombiano, Opinion. http://www.elcolombiano.com/opinion/columnistas/motivos-para-celebrar-en-esta-navidad-BX3330726
Ospina, M. C. (20/05/2015). Where Are the Hostages? Medellin: Newspaper El Colombiano. http://www.elcolombiano.com/donde-estan-los-secuestrados-CN1953206
Ospina, W. (13/02/2016). The Resources of Peace. Bogota: Newspaper El Espectador, Special. http://www.elespectador.com/noticias/paz/los-recursos-de-paz-articulo-616416
Ospina, W. (12/9/2015). The War of Wars. Bogota: Newspaper El Espectador, Opinion. http://www.elespectador.com/opinion/guerra-de-guerras
Reynaers, A.-M. (2014). Public-Private Partnerships and Their Impact on Public Values. Netherlands: Drukkerij Grafic Image.
Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court (2002). Rome-Italy: General Secretariat of the United Nations. International Criminal Court. http://www.un.org/spanish/law/icc/statute/spanish/rome_statute(s).pdf
Salgar Antolinez, D. (15/08/2015). Mistakes of El Salvador in Its Peace Accords. Bogota: Newspaper El Espectador.
Semana Magazine (3/15/2016). The Site Where “Walked” the Guerrillas in the Guajira. Bogota: El Tiempo, Section: Nation. http://www.semana.com/nacion/articulo/reunion-de-los-jefes-de-las-farc- fue-en-el-corregimiento-del-conejo-la-guajira/461080
Skelcher, C., Mathur, N., & Smith, M. (2005). The Public Governance of Collaborative Spaces: Discourse, Design and Democracy. Public Administration, 83, 573-596. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.0033-3298.2005.00463.x
Smith, A. (1997). Theory of the Moral Sentiments. Madrid: Alianza Editorial, Preliminary Study of Carlos Rodríguez Braun.
Smith, A. (1996). Lessons Jurisprudence. Madrid: National Printing the Official Gazette, Political Classics, Preliminary Study of Translation and Alfonso Ruiz Miguel.
Smith, A. (1995). Lessons in Jurisprudence. Granada: Library Comares of Legal Science Collection Argonauts, No. 1.
Smith, A. (1978). Theory of the Moral Sentiments. Mexico: Fondo de Cultura Economica, Introduction by Eduardo Nicol.
Stiglitz, J. E. (2002). The Economy of the Public Sector (3rd ed.). Barcelona: Antoni Bosch.
The Geneva Conventions (1949). Switzerland: International Committee of the Red Cross. https://www.icrc.org/spa/assets/files/publications/convenios-gva-esp-2012.pdf
Troyer, J. (2003). Classical Utilitarians. Bentham and Mill. United States of America Editions John Troyer.
World Bank (2015). World Development Indicators. Economy, Structure of Output. New York: World Bank. http://wdi.worldbank.org/table/4.2