Fragipan Horizon Changes Using Annual Ryegrass and Other Admendments
- 1 Department of Plant & Soil Science, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
- 2 Department of Plant & Soil Science, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
- 3 Department of Plant & Soil Science, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
- 4 USDA-ARS, National Laboratory for Agriculture and the Environment, University Bldg, Ames, IA, USA
- 5 USDA-ARS, National Laboratory for Agriculture and the Environment, University Bldg, Ames, IA, USA
Abstract
A greenhouse experiment was conducted involving intact fragipan soil cores of 50 cm thickness after removing the topsoil horizons. The cores were maintained in moist condition throughout the experiment and received several treatments with various amendments for different periods ranging from 9 to 17 months. The amendments included annual ryegrass or Festulolium residues, powder limestone and various humate compounds alone or in combination with the grass residues. The results suggested a significant effect of ryegrass and Festulolium in reducing penetration resistance into the top 10 cm of the fragipan within 9 - 17 months, particularly when used in combination with certain humate materials such as Leonardite. Apparently, this is the result of the release of certain soluble organic compounds from the plant residues or the humate amendments that increase the solubility of Si and Al associated with the fragipan brittleness, thus decreasing the density of the compacted fragipan material.
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