A major nutritional problem to crops grown in highly weathered Brazilian soils is phosphorus (P) deficiencies linked to their low availability and the capacity of the soils to fix P in insoluble forms. Our studies examined factors that might influence P behavior in soils of the Amazon region. This study was conducted to evaluate the maximum phosphate adsorption capacity (MPAC) of the soils developed from mafic rocks (diabase), their parent materials and other factors resulting in the formation of eutrophic soils having A chernozemic horizon associated with Red Nitosols (Alfisol) and Red Latosols (Oxisol) of the Amazonian environment. The MPAC was determined in triplicates as a function of the remnant P values. The different concentrations used to determine the MPAC allowed maximum adsorption values to be reached for all soils. The Latosol (Oxisol) and Nitosol (Alfisol) soils presented higher phosphate adsorption values that were attributed to the oxidic mineralogy and high clay texture while the Chernosol (Mollisol) soils presented the lowest phosphate adsorption values.
Schaefer, C.E.R. and Dalrymple, J. (1996) Pedogenesis and Relict Properties of Soils with Columnar Structure from Roraima, North Amazonia. Geoderma, 71, 1-17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0016-7061(95)00073-9
Benedetti, U.G., Vale Jr., J.F., Schaefer, C.E.G.R., Melo, V.F. and Uch?a, S.C.P. (2011) Genesis, Chemistry and Mineralogy of Soils Derived from Plio-Plestocene Sediments and from Volcanic Rocks in Roraima—North Amazonia. Brazilian Journal of Soil Science, 35, 299-312.
Melo, V.F., Schaefer, C.E.G.R. and Uch?a, S.C.P. (2010) Indian Land Use in the Raposa-Serra do Sol Reserve, Roraima, Amazonia, Brazil: Physical and Chemical Attributes of a Soil Catena Developed from Mafic Rocks under Shifting Cultivation. Catena, 80, 95-105. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.catena.2009.09.004
Schaefer, C.E.G.R., Resende, S.B., Correia, G.F. and Lani, J.L. (1993) Chemical and Minerological Characteristics of Sodium-Afected Soils from Northeeastern Roraima. Brazilian Journal of Soil Science, 17, 431-438.
Vale Jr., J.F. (2000) Pedogenesis and Changing of Soil under Shifting Cultivation in Areas of Acid and Basic Volcanic Rocks in Northeastern Roraima. Ph.D. Thesis, Universidade Federal de Vi?oa, Vi?osa.
Melo, V.F., Schaefer, C.E.G.R., Fontes, L.E.F., Chagas, A.C., Lemos Jr., J.B. and Andrade, R.P. (2006) Physical Chemical and Mineralogical Characteristics of Soils from the Agricultural Colony of Apiaú (Roraima, Amazonia), under Different Land Uses and after Burning. Brazilian Journal of Soil Science, 30, 1039-1050.
Melo, V.F. (2002) Soil and Indicators of Agricultural Use in Roraima: Indigenous Areas of Maloca Flechal and Colonization of Apiaú. Ph.D. Thesis, Universidade Federal de Vi?oa, Vi?osa.
Brennan, R.F., Bolland, M.D.A., Jeffery, R.C. and Allen, D.G. (1994) Phosphorus Adsorption by a Range of Western Australian Soils Related to Soil Properties. Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis, 25, 2785-2795. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00103629409369225
Motta, P.E.F., Curi, N., Siqueira, J.O., Van Raij, B., Furtini Neto, A.E. and Lima, J.M. (2002) Adsorption and Forms of Phosphorus in Latosols: Influence of Mineralogy and Use. Brazilian Journal of Soil Science, 26, 349-359.
Moreira, F.L.M., Mota, F.O.B., Clemente, C.A., Azevedo, B.M. and Bomfim, G.V. (2006) Phosphorus Adsorption in Ceará State Soils, Brazil. Revista Ciência Agron?mica, 37, 7-12.
Bahia Filho, A.F.C., Braga, J.M., Resende, M. and Ribeiro, A.C. (1983) Relationship between Phosphorus Adsorption and Mineralogical Components of Latosols Clay Fraction of the Central Plateau. Brazilian Journal of Soil Science, 7, 221-226.
Torrent, J., Barron, V. and Schwertmann, U. (1990) Phosphate Adsorption and Desorption by Goethites Differing in Crystal Morphology. Soil Science Society of American Journal, 54, 1007-1012. http://dx.doi.org/10.2136/sssaj1990.03615995005400040012x
Ruan, H.D. and Gilkes, R.J. (1996) Kinetics of Phosphate Sorption and Desorption by Synthetic Aluminous Goethite before and after Thermal Transformation to Hematite. Clay Minerals, 31, 63-74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1180/claymin.1996.031.1.06
Bedin, I., Furtini Neto, A.E., Resende, A.V., Faquin, V., Tokura, A.M. and Santos, J.Z.L. (2003) Phosphate Fertilizers and Soybean Production in Soils with Different Phosphate Buffer Capacities. Brazilian Journal of Soil Science, 27, 639-646.
Santos, R.D., Lemos, R.C., Santos, H.G., Ker, J.C. and Anjos, L.H. (2005) Description Handbook and Collecting of Soil in Field. 5 Edition, Sociedade Brasileira de Ciência do Solo, Vi?osa, MG.
Embrapa (Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuaria) (2006) Brazilian System of Soil Classification. 2nd Edition, Embrapa Solos, Rio de Janeiro.
Embrapa (Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuaria) (1997) Manual of Soil Analysis Methods. 2nd Edition, National Soil Research Center, Rio de Janeiro.
Mckeague, J.A. and Day, J.H. (1966) Dithionite and Oxalate Extractable Fe and Al as Aids in Differentiating Various Classes of Soils. Canadian Journal of Soil Science, 46, 13-22. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/cjss66-003
Mehra, O.P. and Jackson, M.L. (1960) Iron Oxide Removal from Soils and Clay by a Dithionite-Citrate System Buffered with Sodium Bicarbonate. Clays and Clay Minerals, 7, 317-327. http://dx.doi.org/10.1346/CCMN.1958.0070122
Whittig, L.D. and Allardice, W.R. (1986) X-Ray Diffraction Techniques. In: Klute, A., Ed., Methods of Soil Analysis, Part 1: Physical and Mineralogical Methods, American Society of Agronomy, Madison, 331-362.
Chen, P.-Y. (1977) Table of Key by Lines in X-Ray Power Diffraction Patterns of Minerals in Clays and Associated Rocks. Occasional Paper 21, Department of Natural Resources, Geological Survey, Bloomington, 67 p.
Alvarez, V.V.H. and Fonseca, D.M. (1990) Definition of Doses of Phosphorus to Determine the Maximum Adsorption Capacity for Phosphate in Greenhouse Trials. Brazilian Journal of Soil Science, 14, 49-55.
Murphy, J. and Riley, J.P. (1962) A Modified Single Solution Method for the Determination of Phosphate in Natural Waters. Analytica Chimica Acta, 27, 31-36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0003-2670(00)88444-5
Bera, R., Seal, A., Bhattacharyya, P., Mukhopadhyay, K. and Giri, R. (2006) Phosphate Sorption Desorption Characteristics of Some Ferruginous Soils of Tropical Region in Eastern India. Environmental Geology, 51, 399-407. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00254-006-0335-9
Silva, J.R.T. (1999) Soils of Acre: Physical, Chemical and Mineralogical and Phosphate Adsorption. Thesis of Ph.D., Federal Universtiy of Vi?osa, MG, Brazil.
Lima, H.N., Melo, J.W.V., Schaefer, C.E.G.R., Ker, J.C. and Lima, A.M.N. (2006) Mineralogy and Chemistry of Three Soils along a Toposequence from the Upper Solim?es Basin, Western Amazonia. Brazilian Journal of Soil Science, 30, 59-68.
Schaefer, C.E.G.R. (1994) Soils and Paleosols from Northeast Roraima, North Amazonia: Geomorphology, Genesis and Landscape Evolution. Ph.D. Dissertation, University of Reading, Reading, Berkshire.
Schaefer, C.E.G.R. and Vale Júnior, J.F. (1997) Climate Changing and Landscape Evolution in Roraima: A Review from Cretaceous to Recent. In: Barbosa, R.I., Ferreira, E.J.G. and Castellón, E.G., Eds., Man, Environment and Ecology in the State of Roraima, INPA, Manaus, 231-293.
Alvarez, V.V.H., Novais, R.F., Dias, L.E. and Oliveira, J.A. (2000) Determination and Use of the Remaining Phosphorus. Newsletter, Sociedade Brasileira de Ciência do Solo, 25, 27-33.
Alves, M.E. and Lavorenti, A. (2004) Remaining Phosphorus and Sodium Fluoride pH in Soils with Different Clay Contents and Clay Mineralogies. Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira, 39, 241-246. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S0100-204X2004000300006
Uehara, G. and Gillman, G. (1981) The Mineralogy, Chemistry and Physics of Tropical Soils with Variable Charge Clays. Westview, Boulder.
Novais, R.F. and Smyth, T.J. (1999) Phosphorus in Soil and Plant in Tropical Conditions. Universidade Federal de Vi?osa-MG, Vi?osa, 399 p.
Singh, R., Moller, M.R.F. and Ferreira, W.A. (1983) Phosphorus Adsorption Kinetics in Amazonian Soils. Revista Brasileira de Ciência do Solo, 7, 227-231.
Falc?o, N.P. and Silva, J.R.A. (2003) Phosphorus Adsorption Characteristics in Some Central Amazonian Soils. Acta Amaz?nica, 34, 337-342. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S0044-59672004000300001
Bognola, I.A. (1995) Chemical, Physical and Mineralogical Soil Intermediaries between Latosols Brunos and Latosols Purple. Master’s Thesis, Universidade Federal de Vi?osa, Vi?osa.
Valladares, G.S., Pereira, M.G. and Anjos, L.H.C. (2003) Phosphate Sorption in Low Activity Clay Soils. Bragantia, 62, 111-118. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S0006-87052003000100014
Curi, N., Camargo, O.A., Guedes, G.A.A. and Silveira, J.V. (1988) Phosphorus Sorption in Latosols of Southeast and South of Brazil. In: Reuni?o de Classifica??o e Correla??o de Solos e Interpreta??o de Aptid?o Agrícola, 3rd Edition, Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária, Rio de Janeiro, 150.
Fontes, M.P.F. and Weed, S.B. (1996) Phosphate Adsorption by Clays from Brazilian Oxisols: Relationships Whit Specific Surface Area and Mineralogy. Geoderma, 72, 37-51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0016-7061(96)00010-9
Bahia Filho, A.F.C., Vasconcellos, C.A., Santos, H.L., Mendes, J.F., Pitta, G.V.E. and Oliveira, A.C. (1982) Inorganic Phosphorus and Available Phosphorus Forms in a Dark Red Latosol, Fertilized with Different Phosphates. Brazilian Journal of Soil Science, 6, 99-104.
Parfitt, R.L. (1978) Anion Adsorption by Soils and Soil Materials. Advances in Agronomy, 30, 1-50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0065-2113(08)60702-6
Borggaard, O.K., Jorgensen, S.S., Moberg, J.P. and Raben-Lage, B. (1990) Influence of Organic Matter on Phosphate Adsorption by Aluminum and Iron Oxides in Sandy Soils. European Journal of Soil Science, 41, 443-449. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2389.1990.tb00078.x
Zinn, Y.L., Lal, R. and Resck, D.V.S. (2005) Texture and Organic Carbon Relations Described by a Profile Pedotransfer Function for Brazilian Cerrado Soils. Geoderma, 127, 168-173. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.geoderma.2005.02.010
Hernández, J. and Meurer, E.J. (1990) Phosphorus Sorption in Soils from Uruguay and Its Relationship with Iron Oxides. Brazilian Journal of Soil Science, 22, 223-230.