Impact of Simulated Drought Stress on Soil Microbiology, and Nematofauna in a Native Shrub + Millet Intercropping System in Senegal — Oak Academic Publishing
Research ArticleOpen AccessGoogle Scholar indexed
Impact of Simulated Drought Stress on Soil Microbiology, and Nematofauna in a Native Shrub + Millet Intercropping System in Senegal
IRD-ISRA Research Center, BP1386, Dakar, Senegal
,
National Research Laboratory for Crop Production (LNRPV/ISRA), Dakar, Senegal
,
National Research Laboratory for Crop Production (LNRPV/ISRA), Dakar, Senegal
,
National Research Laboratory for Crop Production (LNRPV/ISRA), Dakar, Senegal
,
National Research Laboratory for Crop Production (LNRPV/ISRA), Dakar, Senegal
,
Land Air and Water Resource Department, University of California-Davis, Davis, CA, USA
,
LMI IESOL, International Laboratory for Ecological Intensification of Cultivated Soil in West Africa Dakar, Senegal
,
School of Environment and Natural Resources, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
,
French National Research Institute for Sustainable Development (IRD), Montpellier, France
1 IRD-ISRA Research Center, BP1386, Dakar, Senegal
2 National Research Laboratory for Crop Production (LNRPV/ISRA), Dakar, Senegal
3 National Research Laboratory for Crop Production (LNRPV/ISRA), Dakar, Senegal
4 National Research Laboratory for Crop Production (LNRPV/ISRA), Dakar, Senegal
5 National Research Laboratory for Crop Production (LNRPV/ISRA), Dakar, Senegal
6 Land Air and Water Resource Department, University of California-Davis, Davis, CA, USA
7 LMI IESOL, International Laboratory for Ecological Intensification of Cultivated Soil in West Africa Dakar, Senegal
8 School of Environment and Natural Resources, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
9 French National Research Institute for Sustainable Development (IRD), Montpellier, France
Drought stress strongly affects soil biota and impairs crop production, which under climate change will be exacerbated in semi-arid cropping regions such as the Sahel. Hence soil management systems are needed that can buffer against drought. In West Africa, field studies have found intercropping of millet with the native shrub Piliostigma reticulatum improves soil-plant-water relations, microbial activity and diversity, and suppress parasitic nematodes, which can significantly increase crop yield. However, little information is available on its beneficial or negative effects on soils or crops during water stress. Therefore, the objective was to investigate the impact of P . reticulatum in moderating water stress effects on soil properties and pearl millet ( Pennisetum glaucum [L.] R. Br.) productivity. In the greenhouse, soil chemical and microbial properties and millet growth were investigated with a factorial experiment of varying levels of soil moisture (favorable, moderately stressed, or severely stressed water conditions) that was imposed for 55 days on soils containing sole P . reticulatum or millet, or millet + P . reticulatum . The results showed that the presence of P . reticulatum did not buffer soils against water stress in relation to soil chemical and microbial properties measured at the end of the experiment. Severe water stress did significantly decrease the height, number of leaves, and aboveground biomass of millet plants. Additionally, respiration, nematofauna trophic structure and abundance decreased as water stress increased. Lastly, bacterial feeders and plant parasitic nematodes were the most sensitive to severe water stress while fungal feeding nematodes remained unaffected. The results suggested that the intensity of water stress had more negative effects on soil basal respiration rather than soil microbial biomass.
Schmidhuber, J. and Tubiello, F.N. (2007) Global Food Security under Climate Change. Proceedings of the National Academies of Sciences of the United States of America, 104, 19703-19708. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0701976104
Lobell, D.B., Burke, M.B., Tebaldi, C., Mastrandrea, M.D., Falcon, W.P. and Naylor, R.L. (2008) Prioritizing Climate Change Adaptation Needs for Food Security in 2030. Science, 319, 607-610. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1152339
Niang, I., Ruppel, O.C., Abdrabo, M.A., Essel, A., Lennard, C., Padgham, J. and Urquhart, P. (2014) Chapter 22: Africa. In: Barros, V.R., Field, C.B., Dokken, D.J., Mastrandrea, M.D., Mach, K.J., Bilir, T.E., Chatterjee, K.L., Ebi, K.L., Estrada, Y.O., Genova, R.C., Girma, B., Kissel, E.S., Levy, A.N., MacCracken, S., Mastrandrea, P.R. and White, L.L., Eds., Climate Change 2014: Impacts, Adaptation, and Vulnerability. Part B: Regional Aspects. Contribution of Working Group II to the Fifth Assessment of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge and New York, 1199-1265.
Coakley, S.M., Scherm, H. and Chakraborty, S. (1999) Climate Change and Plant Disease Management. Annual Review of Phytopathology, 37, 399-426. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.phyto.37.1.399
Battisti, D.S. and Naylor, R.L. (2009) Historical Warnings of Future Food Insecurity with Unprecedented Seasonal Heat. Science, 323, 240-244. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1164363
Liu, J., Fritz, S., van Wesenbeeck, C.F.A., Fuchs, M., You, L., Obersteiner, M. and Yang, H. (2008) A Spatially Explicit Assessment of Current and Future Hotspots of Hunger in Sub-Saharan Africa in the Context of Global Change. Global and Planetary Change, 64, 222-235. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gloplacha.2008.09.007
Knox, J., Hess, T., Daccache, A. and Wheeler, T. (2012) Climate Change Impacts on Crop Productivity in Africa and South Asian Environmental Research. Letters, 7, 34-32.
Diakhaté, S., Villenave, C., Diallo, N.H., Ba, A.O., Djigal, D., Masse, D., et al. (2013) The Influence of a Shrub-Based Intercropping System on the Soil Nematofauna When Growing Millet in Senegal. European Journal of Soil Biology, 57, 35-41. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejsobi.2013.04.003
Schimel, J., Balser, T.C. and Wallenstein, M. (2007) Microbial Stress-Response Physiology and Its Implications for Ecosystem Function. Ecology, 88, 1386-1394. https://doi.org/10.1890/06-0219
Sylvain, Z.A., Wall, D.H., Cherwin, K.L., Peters, D.P.C., Reichmann, L.G. and Sala, O.E. (2014) Soil Animal Responses to Moisture Availability Are Largely Scale, Not Ecosystem Dependent: Insight from a Cross-Site Study. Global Change Biology, 20, 2631-2643. https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.12522
Holland, T.C., Reynolds, A.G., Bowen, P.A., Bogdanoff, C.P., Marciniak, M., Brown, R.B. and Hart, M.M. (2013) The Response of Soil Biota to Water Availability in Vineyards. Pedobiologia, 56, 9-14. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pedobi.2012.08.004
Landesman, W.J., Treonis, A.M. and Dighton, J. (2011) Effects of a One-Year Rainfall Manipulation on Soil Nematode Abundances and Community Composition. Pedobiologia, 54, 87-91. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pedobi.2010.10.002
Hueso, S., Garcia, C. and Hernandez, T. (2012) Severe Drought Conditions Modify the Microbial Community Structure, Size and Activity in Amended and Unamended Soils. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 50, 167-173. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2012.03.026
Singh, B.P., Hatton, B.J., Singh, B., Cowie, A.L. and Kathuria, A. (2010) Influence of Biochars on Nitrous Oxide Emission and Nitrogen Leaching from Two Contrasting Soils. Journal of Environmental Quality, 39, 1224-1235. https://doi.org/10.2134/jeq2009.0138
Ferris, H. (2010) Contribution of Nematodes to the Structure and Function of the Soil Food Web. Journal of Nematology, 42, 63-67.
Bardgett, R. (2005) The Biology of Soil: A Community and Ecosystem Approach. Oxford University Press, Oxford. https://doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198525035.001.0001
Ferris, H. and Bongers, T. (2006) Nematode Indicators of Organic Enrichment. Journal of Nematology, 38, 3-12.
Sun, X., Zhang, X., Zhang, S., Dai, G., Han, S. and Liang, W. (2013) Soil Nematode Responses to Increases in Nitrogen Deposition and Precipitation in a Temperate Forest. PLoS ONE, 8, e82468. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0082468
Fierer, N., Schimel, J.P. and Holden, P.A. (2003) Influence of Drying-Rewetting Frequency on Soil Bacterial Community Structure. Microbial Ecology, 45, 63-71. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00248-002-1007-2
Kaizermann, A., Maron, P.A., Beaumelle, L. and Lata, J.C. (2015) Fungal Communities Are More Sensitive Indicators to Non-Extreme Soil Moisture Variations than Bacterial Communities. Applied Soil Ecology, 86, 158-164. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsoil.2014.10.009
Nicholson, S.E. (2012) The West African Sahel: A Review of Recent Studies on the Rainfall Regime and Its Interannual Variability. ISRN Meteorology, 2013, Article ID: 453521.
Lasco, R.D., Delfino, R.J.P., Catacutan, D.C., Simelton, E.S. and Wilson, D.M. (2014) Climate Risk Adaptation by Smallholder Farmers: The Roles of Trees and Agroforestry. Current Opinion in Environmental Sustainability, 6, 83-88. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cosust.2013.11.013
Buresh, R.J. and Tian, G. (1998) Soil Improvement by Trees in Sub-Saharan Africa. In: Nair, P.K.R. and Latt, C.R., Eds., Directions in Tropical Agroforestry Research, Vol. 53, Springer Netherlands, Berlin, 51-76. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-015-9008-2_2
Boffa, J.M. (2000) Les parcs Agroforetiers en Afrique SubSaharienne. Cahier FAO Conservation 34.
Dossa, E.L., Diedhiou, I., Khouma, M., Sene, M., Badiane, A.N., Samba, S.A.N., Assigbetse, K.B., Sall, S., Lufafa, A., Kizito, F., Dick, R.P. and Saxena, J. (2013) Crop Productivity and Nutrient Dynamics in a Shrub-Based Farming System of the Sahel. Agronomy Journal, 105, 1237-1246. https://doi.org/10.2134/agronj2012.0432
Hernandez, R., Debenport, S.J., Leewis, M.-C., Ndoye, F., Nkenmogne, I.E., Soumare, A., Thuita, M., Gueye, M., Miambi, E., Chapuis-Lardy, L., Diedhiou, I. and Dick, R.P. (2015) The Native Shrub, Pilostigma reticulatum, as an Ecological “Resource Island” for Mango Trees in the Sahel. Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment, 204, 51-61. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2015.02.009
Debenport, S.J., Assigbetse, K., Bayala, R., Chapuis-Lardy, L., Dick, R.P. and Gardener, B.B.M. (2015) Association of Shifting Populations in the Root Zone Microbiome of Millet with Enhanced Crop Productivity in the Sahel Region (Africa). Applied Environmental Microbiology, 81, 2841-2851. https://doi.org/10.1128/AEM.04122-14
Lufafa, A., Diédhiou, I., Samba, S.A.N., Séne, M., Khouma, M., Kizito, F., Dick, R.P., Dossa, E. and Noller, J.S. (2008) Carbon Stocks and Patterns in Native Shrub Communities of Senegal’s Peanut Basin. Geoderma, 146, 75-82. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoderma.2008.05.024
Diedhiou, S., Badiane, A.N., Diedhiou, I., Khoum, M., Samba, A.N.S., Sène, M. and Dick, R.P. (2009) Succession of Soil Microbial Communities during Decomposition of Native Shrub Litter of Semi-Arid Senegal. Pedobiologia, 52, 273-286.
Diedhiou-Sall, S., Dossa, E.L., Diedhiou, I., Badiane, A.N., Assigbetsee, K.B., Ndiaye, N.A.S., Khouma, M., Sène, M. and Dick, R.P. (2013) Microbiology and Macrofaunal Activity in Soil beneath Shrub Canopies during Residue Decomposition in Agroecosystems of the Sahel. Soil Science Society of America Journal, 77, 501-551. https://doi.org/10.2136/sssaj2012.0284
Diakhaté, S., Gueye, M., Chevallier, T., Diallo, N.H., Assigbetse, K., Abadie, J., Diouf, M., Masse, D., Sembene, P.M., Ndour, Y.B., Dick, R.P. and Chapuis-Lardy, L. (2016) Soil Microbial Functional Capacity and Diversity in a Millet-Shrub Intercropping System of Semi-Arid Senegal. Journal of Arid Environments, 129, 71-79. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaridenv.2016.01.010
FAO, Food and Agriculture Organization (2006) World Reference Base for Soil Resources: A Framework for International Classification, Correlation and Communication. World Soil Resources Reports 103, FAO, Rome.
Badiane, A.N., Khouma, M. and Sene, M. (2000) Région de Diourbel: Gestion des sols. Drylands Res. Work. Pap. 15, Somerset, UK.
Amato, M. and Ladd, J.N. (1988) Assay for Microbial Biomass Based on Ninhydrin-Reactive Nitrogen Extracts from Fumigated Soil. Soil Biology & Biochemistry, 20, 107-114. https://doi.org/10.1016/0038-0717(88)90134-4
West, A.W., Sparling, G.P. and Speir, T.W. (1989) Microbial Activity in Gradually Dried or Rewetted Soils as Governed by Water and Substrate Availability. Australian Journal of Soil Research, 27, 747-757. https://doi.org/10.1071/SR9890747
Seinhorst, J.W. (1962) Extraction Methods for Nematodes Inhabiting Soil. In: Murphy, P.W., Ed., Progress in Soil Zoology, Butterworths, London, 243-256.
Yeates, G.W., Bongers, T., de Goede, R.G.M., Freckman, D.W. and Georgieva, S.S. (1993) Feeding Habits in Nematode Families and Genera—An Outline for Soil Ecologists. Journal of Nematology, 25, 315-331.
Anderson, M.J., Gorley, R.N. and Clarke, R.K. (2005) Permanova Permutational Multivariate Analysis of Variance, a Computer Program. Vol. 24, University of Auckland, Auckland.
Anjum, S.A., Xie, X., Wang, L., Saleem, M.F., Man, C. and Lei, W. (2011) Morphological, Physiological and Biochemical Responses of Plants to Drought Stress. African Journal of Agricultural Research, 6, 2026-2032.
Ndiaye, M., Cavalli, E., Manga, A.G.B. and Diop, T.A. (2011) Improved Acacia senegal Growth after Inoculation with Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi under Water Deficiency Conditions. International Journal of Agriculture & Biology, 13, 271-274.
Suzuki, N., Rivero, R.M., Shulaev, V., Blumwald, E. and Mittler, R. (2014) Abiotic and Biotic Stress Combinations. New Phytologist, 203, 32-43. https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.12797
Randhawa, N., Kaur, J., Singh, S. and Singh, I. (2014) Growth and Yield in Chikpea (Cicer arietinum L.) Genotypes in Response to Water Stress. African Journal of Agricultural Research, 9, 982-992. https://doi.org/10.5897/AJAR2013.7671
Nam, N.H., Subbaroa, G.V., Chauhan, Y.S. and Johansen, C. (1998) Importance of Canopy Attributes in Determining Dry Matter Accumulation of Pigeonpea under Contrasting Moisture Regimes. Crop Science, 38, 955-961. https://doi.org/10.2135/cropsci1998.0011183X003800040013x
Kizito, F., Sene, M., Draglia, M., Lufafa, A., Diedhiou, I., Dossa, E., Cuenca, R., Selker, J.S. and Dick, R.P. (2007) Soil Water Balance of Annual Crop-Native Shrub Systems in Senegal’s Peannut Basin: The Missing Link. Agricultural Water Management, 90, 137-148. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agwat.2007.02.015
Kizito, F., Dragila, M.I., Senè, M., Brooks, R.J., Meinzer, F.C., Diedhiou, I., Diouf, M., Lufafa, A., Dick, R.P., Selker, J. and Cuenca, R.H. (2012) Hydraulic Redistribution by Two Semi-Arid Shrub Species: Implications for Sahelian Agro-Ecosystems. Journal of Arid Environments, 83, 69-77. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaridenv.2012.03.010
Berg, N. and Steinberger, Y. (2010) Are Biological Effects of Desert Shrubs More Important than Physical Effects on Soil Microorganisms? Microbial Ecology, 59, 121-129. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00248-009-9599-4
Wardle, D.A. and Ghani, A. (1995) A Critique of the Microbial Metabolic Quotient (qCO2) as a Bioindicator of Disturbance and Ecosystem Development. Soil Biology & Biochemistry, 27, 1601-1610. https://doi.org/10.1016/0038-0717(95)00093-T
Anderson, T.H. and Domsch, K.H. (1990) Application of Eco-Physiological Quotients (qCO2 and qD) on Microbial Biomasses from Soils of Different Cropping Histories. Soil Biology & Biochemistry, 22, 251-255. https://doi.org/10.1016/0038-0717(90)90094-G
Bakonyi, G. and Nagy, P. (2000) Temperature- and Moisture-Induced Changes in the Structure of the Nematode Fauna of a Semiarid Grassland—Patterns and Mechanisms. Global Change Biology, 6, 697-707. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2486.2000.00354.x
Briar, S.S., Fonte, S.J., Park, I., Six, J., Scow, K. and Ferris, H. (2011) The Distribution of Nematodes and Soil Microbial Communities across Soil Aggregate Fractions and Farm Management Systems. Soil Biology & Biochemistry, 43, 905-914. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2010.12.017
Eisenhauer, N., Reich, P.B. and Scheu, S. (2012) Increasing Plant Diversity Effects on Productivity with Time due to Delayed Soil Biota Effects on Plants. Basic and Applied Ecology, 13, 571-578. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.baae.2012.09.002
Klass, J.R., Peters, D.P., Trojan, J.M. and Thomas, S.H. (2012) Nematodes as an Indicator of Plant-Soil Interactions Associated with Desertification. Applied Soil Ecology, 58, 66-77. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsoil.2012.03.005