Effects Amaranthus cruentus Contaminated with Pesticides on Liver and Renal Function of Male Wistar Rats

Abstract

Today, a number of pathologies are emerging in countries with high levels of agricultural activity. Burkina Faso, for example, is one of the countries in the sub-region with the highest market-growing activity. This study investigates the effects of pesticide-contaminated Amaranthus cruentus on liver and kidney function in male Wistar rats. Amaranthus cruentus samples were collected from market gardens and aqueous extracts were prepared. After determination of pesticide residues in the extract, the rats were force-fed the extract at various doses for 90 days. Weight gain, hematological parameters, biochemical parameters (liver and kidney function) and liver and kidney histopathology were evaluated. Analysis of pesticide residues revealed the presence of various pesticides, many of which exceeded maximum residue limits (MRLs). Results showed significant increases in liver enzymes (ASAT, ALAT, PAL) and alterations in renal histopathology, suggesting adverse effects due to pesticide contamination. Long-term consumption of Amaranthus cruentus leaves would be harmful to the health of the population if the use of pesticides in market gardening were not regulated.