Double Prevention in Outpatient Forensic Care; Early Psychotic Experiences and Its Relationship with Aggression and Antisocial Personality Disorder — Oak Academic Publishing
Research ArticleOpen AccessGoogle Scholar indexed
Double Prevention in Outpatient Forensic Care; Early Psychotic Experiences and Its Relationship with Aggression and Antisocial Personality Disorder
GGZ Breburg, Tilburg, Netherlands
,
GGZ Breburg, Tilburg, Netherlands
,
WNB Academy, GGZ WNB Mental Health Institute, Halsteren, Netherlands
,
Department of Developmental Psychology, Tilburg School of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Tilburg University, Tilburg, Netherlands
,
Fivoor Academy of Research, Innovation & Development, Poortugaal, Netherlands
,
Tranzo Scientific Center for Care and Welfare, Tilburg School of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Tilburg University, Tilburg, Netherlands
1 GGZ Breburg, Tilburg, Netherlands
2 GGZ Breburg, Tilburg, Netherlands
3 WNB Academy, GGZ WNB Mental Health Institute, Halsteren, Netherlands
4 Department of Developmental Psychology, Tilburg School of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Tilburg University, Tilburg, Netherlands
5 Fivoor Academy of Research, Innovation & Development, Poortugaal, Netherlands
6 Tranzo Scientific Center for Care and Welfare, Tilburg School of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Tilburg University, Tilburg, Netherlands
Although there is evidence for the effectiveness of early interventions among Ultra-high risk (UHR) for psychosis, detection and intervention in forensic patients is lacking. This study aimed to establish the prevalence of UHR among this population and its relationship with aggression. Because there are indications that the relationship between prodromal symptoms and aggression might be particularly strong in antisocial personality disorder (ASPD), we specifically looked at the relationships within this group. Data were collected by using the Prodromal Questionnaire (PQ-16) and the Aggression Questionnaire (AQ), the semi-structured interview CAARMS and file study. Participants with ASPD (N = 30) and without this disorder (N = 44) were compared. Within this forensic setting, the prevalence of ultra-high risk for psychosis was significantly higher compared to regular mental health care. We found a significant relationship between prodromal psychotic symptoms and aggressive feelings (anger and hostility). In patients with ASPD, we also found a significant relation between prodromal psychotic symptoms and physical violence. This implies that patients in the prodromal phase have a higher risk to behave aggressively.
Aerts, J. E. M., Rijckmans, M. J. N., Bogaerts, S., & van Dam, A. (2023). Establishing an Optimal Working Relationship with Patients with an Antisocial Personality Disorder. Aspects and Processes in the Therapeutic Alliance. Psychology and Psychotherapy: Theory, Research and Practice, 96, 999-1014. https://doi.org/10.1111/papt.12492
American Psychiatric Association (2013). Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (5th Edition). Washington DC.
Azevedo, J., Vieira-Coelho, M., Castelo-Branco, M., Coelho, R., & Figueiredo-Braga, M. (2020). Impulsive and Premeditated Aggression in Male Offenders with Antisocial Personality Disorder. PLOS ONE, 15, e0229876. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0229876
Brucato, G., Appelbaum, P. S., Lieberman, J. A., Wall, M. M., Feng, T., Masucci, M. D. et al. (2018). A Longitudinal Study of Violent Behavior in a Psychosis-Risk Cohort. Neuropsychopharmacology, 43, 264-271. https://doi.org/10.1038/npp.2017.151
Brucato, G., Appelbaum, P. S., Masucci, M. D., Rolin, S., Wall, M. M., Levin, M. et al. (2019). Prevalence and Phenomenology of Violent Ideation and Behavior among 200 Young People at Clinical High-Risk for Psychosis: An Emerging Model of Violence and Psychotic Illness. Neuropsychopharmacology, 44, 907-914. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41386-018-0304-5
Burns, A. M. N., Erickson, D. H., & Brenner, C. A. (2014). Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy for Medication-Resistant Psychosis: A Meta-Analytic Review. Psychiatric Services, 65, 874-880. https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ps.201300213
Coid, J. W., Ullrich, S., Bebbington, P., Fazel, S., & Keers, R. (2016). Paranoid Ideation and Violence: Meta-Analysis of Individual Subject Data of 7 Population Surveys. Schizophrenia Bulletin, 42, 907-915. https://doi.org/10.1093/schbul/sbw006
Currie, M. R., Wood, C. E., Williams, B., & Bates, G. W. (2012). Aggression Replacement Training (ART) in Australia: A Longitudinal Youth Justice Evaluation. Psychiatry, Psychology and Law, 19, 577-604. https://doi.org/10.1080/13218719.2011.615807
Dalteg, A., Zandelin, A., Tuninger, E., & Levander, S. (2014). Psychosis in Adulthood Is Associated with High Rates of ADHD and CD Problems during Childhood. Nordic Journal of Psychiatry, 68, 560-566. https://doi.org/10.3109/08039488.2014.892151
De Wit-De Visser, B., Rijckmans, M., Vermunt, J. K., & van Dam, A. (2023). Pathways to Antisocial Behavior: A Framework to Improve Diagnostics and Tailor Therapeutic Interventions. Frontiers in Psychology, 14, Article 993090. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2023.993090
Dickens, G., Picchioni, M., & Long, C. (2013). Aggression in Specialist Secure and Forensic Inpatient Mental Health Care: Incidence across Care Pathways. The Journal of Forensic Practice, 15, 206-217. https://doi.org/10.1108/jfp-09-2012-0017
Evans, C., Forrester, A., Jarrett, M., Huddy, V., Campbell, C. A., Byrne, M. et al. (2017). Early Detection and Early Intervention in Prison: Improving Outcomes and Reducing Prison Returns. The Journal of Forensic Psychiatry & Psychology, 28, 91-107. https://doi.org/10.1080/14789949.2016.1261174
Fazel, S., Gulati, G., Linsell, L., Geddes, J. R., & Grann, M. (2009). Schizophrenia and Violence: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. PLOS Medicine, 6, e1000120. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1000120
First, M. B., Williams, J. B. W., Benjamin, L. S., & Spitzer, R. L. (2015). User ’ s Guide for the SCID-5-PD (Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-5 Personality Disorder). American Psychiatric Association.
Fusar-Poli, P., Bonoldi, I., Yung, A. R., Borgwardt, S., Kempton, M. J., Valmaggia, L., Bar-ale, F., Caverzasi, E., & McGuire, P. (2012). Predicting Psychosis: Meta-Analysis of Tran-sition Outcomes in Individuals at High Clinical Risk. JAMA Psychiatry. 69, 220-229.
Huber, C. G., Hochstrasser, L., Meister, K., Schimmelmann, B. G., & Lambert, M. (2016). Evidence for an Agitated-Aggressive Syndrome in Early-Onset Psychosis Correlated with Antisocial Personality Disorder, Forensic History, and Substance Use Disorder. Schizophrenia Research, 175, 198-203. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.schres.2016.04.027
Ising, H. K., Kraan, T. C., Rietdijk, J., Dragt, S., Klaassen, R. M. C., Boonstra, N. et al. (2016). Four-year Follow-Up of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy in Persons at Ultra-High Risk for Developing Psychosis: The Dutch Early Detection Intervention Evaluation (EDIE-NL) Trial. Schizophrenia Bulletin, 42, 1243-1252. https://doi.org/10.1093/schbul/sbw018
Ising, H. K., Veling, W., Loewy, R. L., Rietveld, M. W., Rietdijk, J., Dragt, S. et al. (2012). The Validity of the 16-Item Version of the Prodromal Questionnaire (PQ-16) to Screen for Ultra High Risk of Developing Psychosis in the General Help-Seeking Population. Schizophrenia Bulletin, 38, 1288-1296. https://doi.org/10.1093/schbul/sbs068
Joubert, D., & Zaumseil, B. (2020). Physical Violence by Men and Psychosis in a Mental Health Setting: Associations with Symptom Profile, Treatment Engagement, and Psychosocial Stressors. The Journal of Forensic Psychiatry & Psychology, 31, 759-778. https://doi.org/10.1080/14789949.2020.1792963
Loewy, R. L., Pearson, R., Vinogradov, S., Bearden, C. E., & Cannon, T. D. (2011). Psychosis Risk Screening with the Prodromal Questionnaire—Brief Version (PQ-B). Schizophrenia Research, 129, 42-46. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.schres.2011.03.029
McGlashan, T. H. (1999). Duration of Untreated Psychosis in First-Episode Schizophrenia: Marker or Determinant of Course? Biological Psychiatry, 46, 899-907. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0006-3223(99)00084-0
Meesters, C., Muris, P., Bosma, H., Schouten, E., & Beuving, S. (1996). Psychometric Evaluation of the Dutch Version of the Aggression Questionnaire. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 34, 839-843. https://doi.org/10.1016/0005-7967(96)00065-4
Raballo, A., Nelson, B., Thompson, A., & Yung, A. (2011). The Comprehensive Assessment of At-Risk Mental States: From Mapping the Onset to Mapping the Structure. Schizophrenia Research, 127, 107-114. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.schres.2010.12.021
Rietdijk, J., & van der Gaag, M. (2014). De detectie van mensen met een verhoogd risico op een psychose: Detectiemethoden en basiskenmerken van de populatie. Tijdschrift voor psychiatrie , 56, 257-265.
Rietdijk, J., Dragt, S., Klaassen, R., Ising, H., Nieman, D., Wunderink, L. et al. (2010). A Single Blind Randomized Controlled Trial of Cognitive Behavioural Therapy in a Help-Seeking Population with an at Risk Mental State for Psychosis: The Dutch Early Detection and Intervention Evaluation (EDIE-NL) Trial. Trials, 11, Article No. 30. https://doi.org/10.1186/1745-6215-11-30
Rietdijk, J., Klaassen, R., Ising, H., Dragt, S., Nieman, D. H., van de Kamp, J. et al. (2012). Detection of People at Risk of Developing a First Psychosis: Comparison of Two Recruitment Strategies. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica, 126, 21-30. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0447.2012.01839.x
Rossler, W., Joachim Salize, H., van Os, J., & Riecher-Rössler, A. (2005). Size of Burden of Schizophrenia and Psychotic Disorders. European Neuropsychopharmacology, 15, 399-409. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.euroneuro.2005.04.009
Salazar de Pablo, G., Radua, J., Pereira, J., Bonoldi, I., Arienti, V., Besana, F. et al. (2021). Probability of Transition to Psychosis in Individuals at Clinical High Risk. JAMA Psychiatry, 78, 970-978. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2021.0830
Simon, G. E., Stewart, C., Hunkeler, E. M., Yarborough, B. J., Lynch, F., Coleman, K. J. et al. (2018). Care Pathways before First Diagnosis of a Psychotic Disorder in Adolescents and Young Adults. American Journal of Psychiatry, 175, 434-442. https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.2017.17080844
Valmaggia, L. R., Byrne, M., Day, F., Broome, M. R., Johns, L., Howes, O. et al. (2015). Duration of Untreated Psychosis and Need for Admission in Patients Who Engage with Mental Health Services in the Prodromal Phase. British Journal of Psychiatry, 207, 130-134. https://doi.org/10.1192/bjp.bp.114.150623
van Dam, A., Rijckmans, M., & van den Bosch, L. (2022). Explaining the Willingness of Clinicians to Work with Patients with Antisocial Personality Disorder Using the Theory of Planned Behaviour and Emotional Reactions. Clinical Psychology & Psychotherapy, 29, 676-686. https://doi.org/10.1002/cpp.2661
van der Gaag, M., van den Berg, D., & Ising, H. (2019). CBT in the Prevention of Psychosis and Other Severe Mental Disorders in Patients with an At Risk Mental State: A Review and Proposed Next Steps. Schizophrenia Research, 203, 88-93. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.schres.2017.08.018
Van Dongen, J. D. M., Buck, N. M. L., Barendregt, M., Van Beveren, N. M., De Beurs, E., & Van Marle, H. J. C. (2015). Anti‐social Personality Characteristics and Psychotic Symptoms: Two Pathways Associated with Offending in Schizophrenia. Criminal Behaviour and Mental Health, 25, 181-191. https://doi.org/10.1002/cbm.1923
Whiting, D., Lichtenstein, P., & Fazel, S. (2021). Violence and Mental Disorders: A Structured Review of Associations by Individual Diagnoses, Risk Factors, and Risk Assessment. The Lancet Psychiatry, 8, 150-161. https://doi.org/10.1016/s2215-0366(20)30262-5
Winsper, C., Singh, S. P., Marwaha, S., Amos, T., Lester, H., Everard, L. et al. (2013). Pathways to Violent Behavior during First-Episode Psychosis; a report from the UK Nation-al Eden study. JAMA Psychiatry, 70, 1287-1293. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2013.2445
Wojciechowski, T. W. (2020). The Salience of Antisocial Personality Disorder for Predicting Substance Use and Violent Behavior: The Moderating Role of Deviant Peers. Journal of Drug Issues, 50, 35-50. https://doi.org/10.1177/0022042619877935
Wykes, T., Steel, C., Everitt, B., & Tarrier, N. (2008). Cognitive Behavior Therapy for Schizophrenia: Effect Sizes, Clinical Models, and Methodological Rigor. Schizophrenia Bulletin, 34, 523-537. https://doi.org/10.1093/schbul/sbm114
Yung, A. R., Yung, A. R., Pan Yuen, H., Mcgorry, P. D., Phillips, L. J., Kelly, D. et al. (2005). Mapping the Onset of Psychosis: The Comprehensive Assessment of At-Risk Mental States. Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry, 39, 964-971. https://doi.org/10.1080/j.1440-1614.2005.01714.x