The study aimed to determine whether differences in workplace communication that impact performance exist between introverted and extroverted individuals. Researchers have conducted few studies in the Arab region, as most are from Western countries. Therefore, a gap needed to be addressed. Additionally, discrimination against introverted personnel is prevalent because we live in an extroverted world, and the study aimed to assess whether personality type (introversion and extroversion) can change or is intrinsic. The study employed descriptive and inferential statistics to analyze 169 participants. The findings suggest that workplace communication affecting performance does exist in organizations. These findings are significant in helping organizations leverage the best traits of introverted and extroverted individuals for the organization’s benefit.
Afshan, A., Askari, I., & Manickam, L. S. S. (2015). Shyness, Self-Construal, Extraversion-Introversion, Neuroticism, and Psychoticism. Sage Open, 5 , 1-8. https://doi.org/10.1177/2158244015587559 https://www.researchgate.net/publication/279912324_Shyness_Self-Construal_Extraversion-Introversion_Neuroticism_and_Psychoticism_A_Cross-Cultural_Comparison_Among_College_Students
Anaya, B., & Pérez-Edgar, K. (2019). Personality Development in the Context of Individual Traits and Parenting Dynamics. New Ideas in Psychology, 53, 37-46. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.newideapsych.2018.03.002
Ardelt, M. (2000). Still Stable after All These Years? Personality Stability Theory Revisited. Social Psychology Quarterly, 63, 392-405. https://doi.org/10.2307/2695848
Blevins, D. P., Stackhouse, M. R. D., & Dionne, S. D. (2021). Righting the Balance: Understanding Introverts (and Extraverts) in the Workplace. International Journal of Management Reviews, 24, 78-98. https://doi.org/10.1111/ijmr.12268
Costa, P. T., McCrae, R. R., & Holland, J. L. (1984). Personality and Vocational Interests in an Adult Sample. Journal of Applied Psychology, 69, 390-400. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.69.3.390
Dannar, P. (2016). If You Want Creativity in Your Organizations, Seek Out the Introvert. Journal of Leadership Studies, 10, 40-41. https://doi.org/10.1002/jls.21438
Eskandarpour, M., & Mohammadzadeh, J. (2016). Evaluation of the Relationship between Personality Types (Extrovert-Introvert) with Job Satisfaction of Bank Employees Case Study: Private Banks in the City of Karaj. International Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences, 1, 524-535.
Farrell, M. (2017). Leadership Reflections: Extrovert and Introvert Leaders. Journal of Library Administration, 57, 436-443. https://doi.org/10.1080/01930826.2017.1300455
Forouzande, R., Rastegari, M., Nasiri, M., & Khah, A. (2010). Leadership Effectiveness among Nurse Managers and Its Relationship with Extrovert/Introvert Personality. Iranian Journal of Nursing and Midwifery Research, 14, 168-173.
Herbert, J., Ferri, L., Hernandez, B., Zamarripa, I., Hofer, K., Fazeli, M. S. et al. (2023). Personality Diversity in the Workplace: A Systematic Literature Review on Introversion. Journal of Workplace Behavioral Health, 38, 165-187. https://doi.org/10.1080/15555240.2023.2192504
Hudson, S. W., & Ferguson, J. G. C. (2016). Leadership Personalities: Extrovert, Introvert or Ambivert? International Journal of Management and Economics Invention, 2 , 999-1002. https://doi.org/10.18535/ijmei/v2i9.12
McCord, M. A., & Joseph, D. L. (2020). A Framework of Negative Responses to Introversion at Work. Personality and Individual Differences, 161, Article ID: 109944. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2020.109944
McCord, M., & Joseph, D. (2016). Theoretical Underpinnings of Workplace Introversion Bias. Academy of Management Proceedings, 2016, Article ID: 17228. https://doi.org/10.5465/ambpp.2016.17228abstract
Needle, R. (2019). Innovative and Introverted : How Introverts function in the Creative Workplace. Master’s Thesis, University of South Carolina.
Osborn, H. (2015). The Role of Introverts in Communications Field. Bachelor’s Thesis, University of Oregon.
Petric, D. (2022). The Introvert-Ambivert-Extrovert Spectrum. Open Journal of Medical Psychology, 11, 103-111. https://doi.org/10.4236/ojmp.2022.113008
Raja, F., Akhtar, N., & Hussain, S. (2021). Exploring Perception of Professionals Regarding Introversion and Extroversion in Relation to Success at Workplace. Journal of Educational Sciences & Research, 7, 184-195.
Salameh, A. A., Akhtar, H., Gul, R., Omar, A. B., & Hanif, S. (2022). Personality Traits and Entrepreneurial Intentions: Financial Risk-Taking as Mediator. Frontiers in Psychology, 13, Article 927718. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.927718
Samargandi, N., A. Alghfais, M., & AlHuthail, H. M. (2022). Factors in Saudi FDI Inflow. Sage Open, 1 2, 1-12. https://doi.org/10.1177/21582440211067242 https://www.researchgate.net/publication/357616447_Factors_in_Saudi_FDI_Inflow
Stephens-Craig, D., Kuofie, M., & Dool, R. (2015). Perception of Introverted Leaders by Mid to High-Level Leaders. Journal of Marketing Management, 6, 62-75.
Taylor, M. (2020). Personality Styles: Why They Matter in the Workplace. Economic Alternatives, 1, 148-163. https://doi.org/10.37075/EA.2020.1.08
Tychmanowicz, A., Filipiak, S., & Sprynska, Z. (2019). Extravert Individualists or Introvert Collectivists? Personality Traits and Individualism and Collectivism in Students in Poland and Ukraine. Current Psychology, 40, 5947-5957. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12144-019-00480-x
Xu, Y. E., & Chopik, W. J. (2020). Identifying Moderators in the Link between Workplace Discrimination and Health/Well-Being. Frontiers in Psychology, 11, Article 458. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2020.00458
Zelenski, J. M., Sobocko, K., & Whelan, and D. C. (2013). Introversion, Solitude, and Subjective Well-Being. In R. J. Coplan, & J. C. Bowker (Eds.), The Handbook of Solitude : Psychological Perspectives on Social Isolation, Social Withdrawal, and Being Alone (pp. 184-201). Wiley. https://doi.org/10.1002/9781118427378.ch11
Zopiatis, A., & Constanti, P. (2012). Extraversion, openness and conscientiousness. Leadership & Organization Development Journal, 33, 86-104. https://doi.org/10.1108/01437731211193133