Nostalgia Reminiscence Therapy by Smartphone Improves Gratitude, Nostalgia Function, and Subjective Happiness of Elders
- 1 Faculty of Psychology Counseling, Department of Child, Nishikyushu University, Saga, Japan
Abstract
Back ground : Digital instruments or Information and Communication Technology are introduced in reminiscence therapy. We need to develop the method more easily. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to develop a new reminiscence therapy method: Nostalgia Reminiscence Therapy by smartphone, in which elderly people can conduct life reviews with an application, and investigate the effects on psychological well-being. Method: Participants were 20 elders in a community college, and they reviewed orally along questions by the app. They completed questionnaires about the Nostalgia State Scale, Nostalgia Function, Gratitude, and Subjective Happiness pre- and post-intervention. All participants completed the intervention. Results: Results showed that Nostalgia State ( p < .00) and Gratitude ( p < .05) significantly increased. In subscales of Nostalgia Function, Social Connection ( p < .01), Self-Continuity ( p < .05), Meaning of Life ( p < .05), and Self-Clarification ( p < .01) significantly increased. Also, subjective well-being significantly increased ( p < .01). Nostalgia correlated with some subscales of Nostalgia Function and Gratitude. Conclusion : These results suggest that Nostalgia Reminiscence Therapy by smartphone is useful for elders, and it promotes nostalgic feelings, social connection, self-continuity, meaning of life, self-clarification and subjective well-being.
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