Femicide is the killing of women or girls by “ deadly power and hostile intentional targeting ” because of their gender. In fact, femicide is mostly the result of constant violence against some women by mechanisms that condone general patterns of discrimination against women and impunity for perpetrators. In this study 1 , three emotions (pain, anger, despair) will be analyzed through tweets about the prevention of femicide in Turkey. In this context, the study has two related aims. The first of these is to identify and evaluate the deep traces left by femicides in the social memory. The second is to discuss the legal, socio-political and individual measures that should be taken immediately to eliminate this brutal form of punishment. In the study, 79491 tweets were for quantitative effect analysis; qualitative analysis was conducted on 14214 individual tweets ranked in terms of impact. The most basic finding of the study: in tweets with emotional content; it has been determined that emotions occur simultaneously and together and are closely related to each other . These feelings, on the other hand, are the findings pointing to the existing individual and structural causes of femicide and suggested solutions.
KeywordsFemicidePanopticEmotion
Ahmed, S. (2004). Duyguların Kültürel Politikası (Çev. Komut, S.). İstanbul-Sel.
Aka, A. (2021). Verilerle Kadın Cinayeti. In O. Tire, & E. Dikici (Eds.), Toplumsal Cinsiyet ve Sosyoloji (143-156). Eğitim.
Averill, J. R. (1982). Anger and Aggression: An Essay on Emotion. New York: Springer-Verlag. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-5743-1
Barbalet, J. M. (2004). Emotion, Social Theory, and Social Structure. The Cambridge University Press.
Becker, G. (1993). Human Capital: A Theoretical and Empirical Analysis, with Special Reference Education. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press. https://doi.org/10.7208/chicago/9780226041223.001.0001
Bentham, J. (1991). Constitutional Code for the Use of All Nations and All Governments Professing Liberal Opinions. In F. Rosen, & J. H. Burns (Eds.), The Collected Works of Jeremy Bentham. Oxford-Clarendon Press.
Brunon-Ernst, A. (2012). Deconstructing Panopticism into the Plural Panopticons. In A. Brunon-Ernst (Ed.), New Perspectives on Bentham’s Panopticon (pp. 17-60). Ashgate Publishing Limited. http://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/canakkale/detail.action
Brunon-Ernst, A., & Tusseau, G. (2012). Epilogue: The Panopticon as a Contemporary İcon. In A. Brunon-Ernst (Ed.), New Perspectives on Bentham’s Panopticon (pp. 185-200). Ashgate Publishing Limited. http://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/canakkale/detail.action
Canary, D. J., Spitzberg, B. H., & Semic, B. A. (1998). The Experience and Expression of Anger in Interpersonal Settings. In P. A. Andersen, & L. K. Guerrero (Eds.), Handbook of Communication and Emotion: Research, Theory, Applications, and Contexts (pp. 189-213). San Diego: Academic. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-012057770-5/50009-6
Charmaz, K., & Milligan, M. J. (2006). Grief. In J. E. Stets, & J. H. Turner (Eds.), Handbook of the Sociology of Emotions: Volume II (pp. 516-538). Springer. http://www.springer.com/series/6055 https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-30715-2_23
Davies, M., & Chisholm, A. (2018). Neoliberalism, Violence, and the Body: Dollhouse and the Critique of the Neoliberal Subject. International Political Sociology, 12, 274-290. https://doi.org/10.1093/ips/oly001
De Sena, A., & Scribano, A. (2020). Social Policies and Emotions. Palgrave Macmillan. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-34739-0
Dobson, J. E., & Fisher, P. F. (2007). The Panopticon’s Changing Geography. Geographical Review. Geosurveillance, 97, 307-323. https://www.jstor.org/stable/30034174 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1931-0846.2007.tb00508.x
Ekman, P., & Friesen, W. (1975). Unmasking the Face. Englewood Cliffs: I’rentice-Hall.
Fletcher, A. (1999). The Place of Despair and Hope. Social Research, 66, 521-529. https://www.jstor.org/stable/40971335
Foucault, M. (1992). Hapishanenin Doğuşu (Çev. M. A. KılıÇbay). Ankara-İmge.
Izard, C. (1971). The Face of Emotion. New York: Appleton-Century-Crofts.
Jones, P. (2016). ArtÇı şok (Çev. M. E. Boyacıoğlu). Ankara-Dipnot.
Kemper, T. D. (1991). Predicting Emotionsfrom Social Relations. Social Psychology Quarterly, 54, 330-342. https://doi.org/10.2307/2786845
Kumar, M. (2015). Coolie Lines: A Bentham Panopticon Schema and Beyond. Proceedings of the Indian History Congress, 76, 344-355. https://www.jstor.org/stable/44156601
Labov, W., & Fanshel, D. (1977). Therapeutic Discourse. New York: Academic Press.
Laval, C. (2012). From Discipline and Punish to the Birth of Biopolitics. In A. Brunon-Ernst (Ed.), New Perspectives on Bentham’s Panopticon (pp. 43-60). Ashgate Publishing Limited. http://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/canakkale/detail.action
Lazarus, R. S. (1991). Emotion and Adaptation. Oxford University Press.
Lazarus, R. S. (1999). Hope: An Emotion and a Vital Coping Resource against Despair. Social Research, 66, 653-678. https://www.jstor.org/stable/40971343
Leroy, M. L. (2012). Transparency and Politics: The Reversed Panopticon as a Response to Abuse of Power. In A. Brunon-Ernst (Ed.), New Perspectives on Bentham’s Panopticon (pp. 143-160). Ashgate Publishing Limited. http://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/canakkale/detail.action
Löwe, I., & Parkinson, B. (2014). Relational Emotions and Social Networks. In C. Scheve, & M. Salmela (Eds.), Collective Emotions: Perspectives from Psychology, Philosophy, and Sociology (pp. 125-1640). Oxford University Press. http://library.lol/main/6441F839E3325CE826080B833F299FEB https://doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199659180.003.0009
Lyons, W. C. (2006). Violence: The Inarticulate Language of Hate, Dread, and Despair: An Introduction to Racism and Racial Identity: Reflections on Urban Practice. Journal of Emotional Abuse, 6, 1-7. https://doi.org/10.1300/J135v06n02_01
Nesse, R. M. (1999). The Evolution of Hope and Despair. Social Research, 66, 429-469.
Oatley, K., & Jenkins, J. M. (2019). Anger. An Emotion of Intent and of Desire for Change in Relationships. In M. H. Jacobsen (Ed.), Emotions, Everyday Life and Sociology (pp. 176-191). Routledge. http://library.lol/main/7C32106959CC513CDABB97692688F4AB
Paterson, S. (2010). ‘Resistors,’ ‘Helpless Victims,’ and ‘Willing Participants’: The Construction of Women’s Resistance in Canadian Anti-Violence Policy. Social Politics, 17, 159-184. https://doi.org/10.1093/sp/jxq001
Petersen, A., & Jacobsen, M. H. (2019). Grief. The Painfulness of Permanent Human. In M. H. Jacobsen (Ed.), Emotions, Everyday Life and Sociology (pp. 191-209). Routledge. http://library.lol/main/7C32106959CC513CDABB97692688F4AB https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315207728-13
Pittenger, R., Hockett, C., & Danehy, J. (1960). The First Five Minutes. New York: Paul Marneau.
Retzinger, S. (1991). Violent Emotions. Sage Publications.
Sassen, S. (2010). A Savage Sorting of Winners and Losers: Contemporary Versions of Primitive Accumulation. Globalizations, 7, 23-50. https://doi.org/10.1080/14747731003593091
Schieman, S. (2006). Anger. In J. E. Stets, & J. H. Turner (Eds.), Handbook of the Sociology of Emotions: Volume II (pp. 493-510). Springer. http://www.springer.com/series/6055 https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-30715-2_22
Shaver, P., Schwartz, J., Kirson, D., & O’connor, C. (1987). Emotion Knowledge: Further Exploration of a Prototype Approach. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 52, 1061-1086. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.52.6.1061
Shuda, S., & Just, A. (2007). Finding a Way towards Being. In C. Flaskas, I. McCarthy, & J. Sheehan (Eds.), Hope and Despair in Narrative and Family Therapy (pp. 87-99). Routledge.
Swanson, G. E. (1985). Anger and Aggression: An Essay on Emotion. On Understanding Emotion. Symbolic Interaction, 8, 311-314. https://www.jstor.org/stable/10.1525/si.1985.8.2.311 https://doi.org/10.1525/si.1985.8.2.311
Taştan, C., & Yıldız, K. A. (2019). Dünya’da ve Türkiye’de Kadın Cinayetleri, 2016-2017-2018. Verileri ve Analizler. Polis Akademisi Yayınları.
TenHouten, W. D. (2007). A General Theory of Emotions and Social Life. Routledge. http://library.lol/main/7721898CEB98AC5648B37BA31EA5F903
Thoits, P. A. (1989). The Sociology of Emotions. Annual Review of Sociology, 15, 317-342. https://www.jstor.org/stable/2083229 https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.so.15.080189.001533
Tusseau, G. (2012). From the Penitentiary to the Political Panoptic Paradigm. In A. Brunon-Ernst (Ed.), New Perspectives on Bentham’s Panopticon (pp. 115-140). Ashgate Publishing Limited. http://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/canakkale/detail.action
Villar-Argaiz, P. (2010). The Female Body in Pain: Feminist Re-Enactments of Sexualand Psical Violence in Dorothy Molloy’s Poetry. Contemporary Women’s Writing, 4, 134-152. https://doi.org/10.1093/cww/vpp030
Walsh, K. (2012). Grief and Loss: Theories and Skills for the Helping Professions. Pearson Education. http://library.lol/main/CC07E4B70C88D1832E58AF91235F6EA6
Weingarten, K. (2007). Hope in a Time of Global Despair. In C. Flaskas, I. McCarthy, & J. Sheehan (Eds.), Hope and Despair in Narrative and Family Therapy (pp. 11-24). Routledge.
Yardley, E. (2017). Social Media Homicide Confessions. University of Bristol Policy Press. https://doi.org/10.1332/policypress/9781447328001.001.0001
Yeager, D. M. (1997). Anger, Justice, and Detachment. The Annual of the Society of Christian Ethics, 17, 167-188. https://www.jstor.org/stable/23560007 https://doi.org/10.5840/asce19971712