Freshwater governance (policy formulation and implementation) are usually undertaken with little consideration to the thought process of the owners of the resources and resource environment. Even though considerable efforts have been made to the social change theory by incorporating stakeholder’s views, the individual-level or local-level insights as well as constructs and environmental connections (cognitive view) in freshwater challenges are usually left out. Using the case study research design, with emphasis on the descriptive design helped to access local knowledge in freshwater governance. The mixed method approach, helped to put together information based on behavioural concerns, the spirituality of the people, and the resource environmental issues required for the analysis and discussion of the data, while drawing meaningful conclusion from data. The results provide a framework, which will help to address interventions that simultaneously address both development and behavioural determinants of freshwater degradation, toward social change conservation policy in reducing crisis in freshwater governance.
Adjewodah, P., & Paul, B. (2004). Working with Traditional Authorities to Conserve Nature in West Africa Science, Society and Development. Flagstaff, Arizona: Nature Conservation Research Centre/Northern Arizona University.
African Development Bank [AfDB] (2005). Rural Water Supply and Sanitation Initiative. Framework for Implementation. http://www.afdb.org/fileadmin/uploads/afdb/Documents/Policy-Documents/10000008-en-ruralwater-supply-and-sanitation-initiative-framework-for-implementation.pdf
Akrong, A. (2006). Religion and Traditional Leadership in Ghana. In I. K. Odotei, & A. K. Awedoba (Eds.), Chieftaincy in Ghana. Culture, Governance and Development (pp. 213-230). Accra: Sub-Saharan.
Amu-Mensah, F., Akrong, M., Amu-Mensah, M., & Darko, H. (2014). Sustainable Management of Lake Bosomtwe in the Ashanti Region of Ghana, Hydrology, Water Quality and Anthropological Factors. Ghana: UNESCO Accra Office, Technical Report, CSIR Water Research Institute.
Amu-Mensah, M. A., Amu-Mensah, F. K., Akrong, M. O., Darko, H., & Addico, G. (2017). Significance of Lake Bosomtwe as a Freshwater Resource in Ghana; Communities’ Perception. International Journal of Development and Sustainability, 6, 1305-1318.
Appiah-Kubi, N. II (Undated). History about Lake Bosomtwe in the Ashanti Region, Ghana. Ghana: Kontihene of Bosomtwe Asamang Traditional Area.
Asamoah, E., Nketia, K. A., Sadick, A., Gyambibi, D. A., Forkuo, E. K., Ayer, J., & Adjei, E. O. (2015). Water Quality Assessment of Lake Bosomtwe for Irrigation Purpose, Ghana. International Journal of Agriculture and Crop Sciences, 8, 366.
Awuah-Nyamekye, S. (2013). Managing the Environmental Crisis in Ghana: The Role of African Traditional Religion and Culture: A Case Study of Berekum Traditional Area. Leeds: University of Leeds.
Bressers, H., & de Boer, C. (2013). Convergence of Boundary Judgments and Innovative Regional Development Concepts. Management Research Review, 36, 1195-1209. https://doi.org/10.1108/MRR-06-2013-0135
Creswell, J. W. (2009). Research Design: Qualitative, Quantitative, and Mixed Methods Approaches (3rd ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications, Inc.
Daniels, J. (2008). Education and Social Change. Historical, Philosophical, Multicultural Foundations. New York: Fordham University King.
Darko, H. F., Ansa-Asare, O., & Paintsil, A. (2013). A Number Description of Ghanaian Water Quality—A Case Study of the Southwestern and Coastal Rivers Systems of Ghana. Journal of Environmental Protection, 4, 1318. https://doi.org/10.4236/jep.2013.411153
Datt, S. (2016). Developing Questionnaire for Theses and Dissertations. https://www.projectguru.in/publications/questionnare-adminsitration
Davis, J. H., Schoorman, F. D., & Donaldson, L. (1997). Toward a Stewardship Theory of Management. Academy of Management Review, 22, 20-47. https://doi.org/10.5465/amr.1997.9707180258
De Groot, A. D. (1969). Methodologies (Vol. 6). Hague: Mouton.
Drechsel, P., Scott, C. A., Raschid-Sally, L., Redwood, M., & Bahri Saunders, M. (2012). The Use and Usability of Evaluation Outputs: A Social Practice Approach. IWMI Evaluation, 18, 421-436. https://doi.org/10.1177/1356389012459113
Ghana Statistical Service (GSS) (2014a). 2010 Population and Housing Census; District Analytical Report. Ghana: Bosomtwe District.
Ghana Statistical Service (GSS) (2014b). 2010 Population and Housing Census; District Analytical Report. Ghana: Bosome-Freho District.
Giddens, A. (1984). The Constitution of Society: Outline of the Structuration Theory. Cambridge: Polity.
Giddens, A. (1998). The Third Way (p. 129). Cambridge: Polity.
Giordano, M., Samad, M., & Namara, R. (2006). Assessing the Outcomes of IWMI’s Research and Interventions on Irrigation Management Transfer (Vol. 106). IWMI.
Hirst, K. K. (2019). Slash and Burn Agriculture; the Economics and Environment of Swidden. New York: Thought Co. Dotdash Press.
Ibrahim Indicator for Africa Governance [IIAG] (2017). IM Index [IMI] Constructing the 2017 Ibrahim Index of African Governance; Zainab Umar.
Keith, S., Kristoffer, D., Volz, D., & Kraak, G. (2013). Effects of Herbicides on Fish. Fish Physiology, 33, 369-409. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-398254-4.00007-8
Kendie, S. B., & Mensah, J. V. (2008). Spatial Analysis of Power in Ghana’s Decentralised Local Government System. In S. B. Kendie, & P. Martens (Eds.), Governance and Sustainable Development (pp. 80-94). Marcels Hughes Cape Coast Gh.
Khulif, T., & Elfarouk, M. (2014). Activating the Role of Women in Water Projects (pp. 75-82). National Water Research Centre Science Direct Water Science. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wsj.2014.10.002
Koeberl, C., Milkereit, B., Overpeck, J. T., Scholz, C. A., Amoako, P. Y., Boamah, D., & King, J. W. (2007). An International and Multidisciplinary Drilling Project into a Young Complex Impact Structure: The 2004 ICDP Bosumtwe Crater Drilling Project: An Overview. Meteoritics & Planetary Science, 42, 483-511. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1945-5100.2007.tb01057.x
Kusimi, J. M., Amisigo Barnabas, A., & Banoeng-Yakubo Bruce, K. (2014). Sediment Yield of a Forest River Basin in Ghana. Catena, 123, 225-235. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.catena.2014.08.001 http://www.elsevier.com/locate
Lawas, M. C. M. (1997). The Resource User’s Knowledge, the Neglected Input in Land Resource Management: The Case of the Kankanaey Farmers in Benguet. Enschede: Philippines ITC.
Maxcy, S. J. (2003). Pragmatic Threads in Mixed Method Research in the Social Sciences: The Search for Multiple Modes of Inquiry and the End of the Philosophy of Formalism. In A. Tashakkori, & C. Teddlie (Eds.), Handbook of Mixed Methods in the Social and Behavioural Sciences (pp. 51-89). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
McCaskie, T. C. (2003). State and Society in Pre-Colonial Asante (Vol. 79). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Meer, T., & Campbell, G. (2004). Traditional Leadership in Democratic South Africa. Durban: Democracy Development Programme.
Ministry of Food & Agriculture [MOFA] (2017). Bosomtwe, Ministry of Food & Agriculture (pp. 1-10). http://mofa.gov.gh/site
Müller, L. (2013). Religion and Chieftaincy in Ghana: An Explanation of the Persistence of a Traditional Political Institution in West Africa. Münster: LIT Verlag.
Nanda, V. P. (2006). The “Good Governance” Concept Revisited. Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, 603, 269-283. https://doi.org/10.1177/0002716205282847
New Partnership for Africa’s Development [NEPAD] (2007). Governance in Africa’s Development: Progress, Prospects, and Challenges. In 9th African Partnership Forum, Algiers, Algeria, 12-13 November 2007.
Odame-Ababio, K. (2013). Putting Integrated Water Resource Management into Practice-Ghana’s Experience (p. 157). Preparing for the Next Generation of Watershed Management Programmes and Projects.
Ofosu Elliot, P. (2006). Lake Bosomtwe, Pride of Ashanti. Deszyn Origin.
Onuoha Freedom, C. (2008). Environmental Degradation, Livelihood and Conflicts Environmental Degradation, Livelihood and Conflicts a Focus on the Implications of the Diminishing Water Resources of Lake Chad for North-Eastern Nigeria. African Journal on Conflict Resolution, 8, 35-61. https://doi.org/10.4314/ajcr.v8i2.39425
Opoku-Ankomah, Y. et al. (2006). Hydro-Political Assessment of Water Governance from the Top-Down and Review of Literature on Local Level Institutions and Practices in the Volta Basin. Working Paper 111, Sri Lanka: International Water Management Institute.
Patton, M. Q. (2015). Qualitative Research & Evaluation Methods: Integrating Theory and Practice (4th ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
Richard, T. K. (2011). Conservation Management of Rivers and Wetlands under Climate Change: A Synthesis. Marine and Freshwater Research, 62, 217-222. https://doi.org/10.1071/MF11029 http://www.publish.csiro.au/journals/mfr
Richards, L. G., Sorenson, E. M. et al. (2000). The Potential Impacts of Climate Change on the Mid-Atlantic Coastal Region. Climate Research, 14, 219-233. https://doi.org/10.3354/cr014219
RKNOW (2016). Knowledge for SDG Action in West Asia and North Africa. R-KNOW Water Governance Best Practices within the Water, Energy, Food and Climate Change Nexus. Gland and Amman: IUCN.
Saunders, F. P. (2014). The Promise of Common Pool Resource Theory and the Reality of Commons Projects. International Journal of the Commons, 8, 636-656. https://doi.org/10.18352/ijc.477
Schmidt, S. (2005). Cultural Influences and the Built Environment: An Examination of Kumasi, Ghana. Journal of Urban Design, 10, 353-370. https://doi.org/10.1080/13574800500297751
Tuhiwai-Smith, L. (2002). Decolonizing Methodologies. New York: Zed Books Ltd University of Otago Press. https://doi.org/10.1097/NAQ.0b013e318258ba14
Turner, B. F., Gardener, L. R., Sharp, W. E., & Blood, E. R. (1996b). The Geochemistry of Lake Bosumtwi, a Hydrologically Closed Basin in the Humid Zone of Tropical Ghana. Limonology and Oceanography, 41, 1415-1424. https://doi.org/10.4319/lo.1996.41.7.1415
Turner, B. F., Gardner, L. R., & Sharp, W. E. (1996a). The Hydrology of Lake Bosumtwi, a Climate-Sensitive Lake in Ghana, West Africa. Journal of Hydrology, 183, 243-261. https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-1694(95)02982-6
UNDP (United Nations Development Programme) (2004). Decentralised Governance for Development: A Combined Practice Note on Decentralization, Local Governance and Urban/Rural Development. UNDP Practice Note, New York.
UNESCO (2006b). Water and Indigenous Peoples (177 p.). UNESCO: Paris.
United Nations Development Programme, UNDP (2013). Integrated Water Resources Management; Our Work Millennium Development Goals Our Perspective Women’s Empowerment and Ocean Governance, Sub-Topics Integrated Water Resources Management (pp. 1-3). UNDP.
United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization [UNESCO] (2016). Sustainable Management of the Lake Bosomtwe in the Ashanti Region of Ghana.
United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA) (1999). The State of the World Population 1999. Six Billion: A Time for Choices (p. 76). New York: UNFPA.
Water Resources Commission [WRC] (2012). Ghana Raw Water Quality Criteria and Guidelines (Volume 1). Accra: Domestic Water-Use Water Resources Commission.
Woodley, E. (2002) Local and Indigenous Knowledge as an Emergent Property of Complexity: A Case Study in the Solomon Islands. Unpublished Doctoral Thesis., Ontario: The Faculty of Graduate Studies of the University of Guelph, Liana Environmental Consulting.
Yamba, S. (2016). Smallholder Farmers’ Mitigation of and Adaptation to Climate Change and Climate Variability. Thesis, Ghana: School of Graduate Studies, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi.
Yin, R. K. (2003). Case Study Research: Design and Methods (3rd ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
Yin, R. K. (2014). Case Study Research Design and Methods (5th ed., p. 282). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.