Progress in Analgesic-Sedative Treatment in Perioperative Period of Hypertensive Intracerebral Hemorrhage

Abstract

Hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage (HICH) refers to intra cerebral hemorrhage at basal ganglia, thalamus, ventricle, cerebellum and brainstem i n patients with history of explicit hypertension disease, excluding secondary cerebral hemorrhage caused by trauma, vascular structural disorders, coagulation disorders, hematologic diseases, systematic diseases and neoplastic diseases. HICH is characteristic of high morbidity, fatality rate, disability rate and recurrence rate. HICH is the most common type of spontaneous cerebral hemorrhage and various surgical interventions are one of the major treatments for HICH. Surgical t reatment is to eliminate hematoma, relieve oppression of hematoma on surrounding brain tissues, lower intracranial pressure and alleviate secondary brain tissue damages, thus enabling to decrease fatality rate of patients and improve the long-term quality of life. Patients with HICH often may have different degrees of coma, pains, dysphoria, anxiety and delirium in the postoperative period. After central pivot was damaged, the sympathetic central excitability spreading is strengthened in the state of cortical inhibition, which also might be accompanied by paroxysmal sympathetic hyperexcitation syndrome to strengthen disease conditions of patients and thereby influence subsequent treatment. Several professional guidelines all recommend analgesic-sedative treatment as an important component of ICU therapy. However, it lacks support by large sample sized clinical research results of analgesic-sedative treatment of HICH in the postoperative period. This study analyzed literature concerning analgesic-sedative treatment of HICH in the postoperative period in recent years, aiming to guide specific clinical implementation.