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Prevalence of Refractive Errors among School Children Aged 5 to 15 Years Old at CHU-IOTA

¹ University Hospital Center, Institute of Tropical Ophthalmology of Africa (CHU-IOTA) Bamako, Bamako, Mali
² University Hospital Center, Institute of Tropical Ophthalmology of Africa (CHU-IOTA) Bamako, Bamako, Mali
³ University Hospital Center, Institute of Tropical Ophthalmology of Africa (CHU-IOTA) Bamako, Bamako, Mali
⁴ University Hospital Center, Institute of Tropical Ophthalmology of Africa (CHU-IOTA) Bamako, Bamako, Mali
⁵ University Hospital Center, Institute of Tropical Ophthalmology of Africa (CHU-IOTA) Bamako, Bamako, Mali
⁶ University Hospital Center, Institute of Tropical Ophthalmology of Africa (CHU-IOTA) Bamako, Bamako, Mali
⁷ University Hospital Center, Institute of Tropical Ophthalmology of Africa (CHU-IOTA) Bamako, Bamako, Mali
⁸ University Hospital Center, Institute of Tropical Ophthalmology of Africa (CHU-IOTA) Bamako, Bamako, Mali
⁹ University Hospital Center, Institute of Tropical Ophthalmology of Africa (CHU-IOTA) Bamako, Bamako, Mali
¹⁰ University Hospital Center, Institute of Tropical Ophthalmology of Africa (CHU-IOTA) Bamako, Bamako, Mali
¹¹ University Hospital Center, Institute of Tropical Ophthalmology of Africa (CHU-IOTA) Bamako, Bamako, Mali
¹² University Hospital Center, Institute of Tropical Ophthalmology of Africa (CHU-IOTA) Bamako, Bamako, Mali
¹³ Ophthalmology Department, Sikasso Regional Hospital, Sikasso, Mali
¹⁴ Ophthalmology Department, Luxembourg Mother-Child Hospital in Bamako, Bamako, Mali
¹⁵ University Hospital Center, Institute of Tropical Ophthalmology of Africa (CHU-IOTA) Bamako, Bamako, Mali
¹⁶ University Hospital Center, Institute of Tropical Ophthalmology of Africa (CHU-IOTA) Bamako, Bamako, Mali
¹⁷ University Hospital Center, Institute of Tropical Ophthalmology of Africa (CHU-IOTA) Bamako, Bamako, Mali
¹⁸ University Hospital Center, Institute of Tropical Ophthalmology of Africa (CHU-IOTA) Bamako, Bamako, Mali
¹⁹ University Hospital Center, Institute of Tropical Ophthalmology of Africa (CHU-IOTA) Bamako, Bamako, Mali

Surgical Science·Volume 15 (2024)·Pages 480–491·Published 14 August 2024·DOI10.4236/ss.2024.158045

Abstract

Introduction: Undetected refractive errors constitute a health problem among school children who cannot take advantage of educational opportunities. The authors studied the prevalence of refractive errors in school children aged 5 to 15 at CHU-IOTA. Patients and Method : This is a prospective, descriptive cross-sectional study carried out in the ophthalmic-pediatrics department of CHU-IOTA, from October to November 2023. Results : We received 340 school children aged 5 to 15, among whom 111 presented ametropia, i.e . a prevalence of 32.65%. The average age was 11.42 ± 2.75 years and a sex ratio of 0.59. The average visual acuity was 4/10 (range 1/10 and 10/10). We found refractive defects: astigmatism 73.87%, hyperopia 23.87% of cases and myopia 2.25%. The decline in distance visual acuity was the most common functional sign. Ocular abnormalities associated with ametropia were dominated by allergic conjunctivitis (26.13%) and papillary excavation (6.31%) in astigmatics; allergic conjunctivitis (9.01%) and papillary excavation (7.20%) in hyperopic patients; turbid vitreous (0.90%), myopic choroidosis (0.45%) and allergic conjunctivitis (0.45%) in myopes. Conclusion : Refractive errors constitute a reality and a major public health problem among school children.

KeywordsRefractive ErrorsPrevalenceChildCHU-IOTA

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Prevalence of Refractive Errors among School Children Aged 5 to 15 Years Old at CHU-IOTA

Abstract

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