Uterine Rupture: Epidemiology and Maternal-Fetal Prognosis at the Kolondiéba Reference Health Center

Abstract

Introduction: Uterine rupture, a solution to continuity of the wall of the pregnant uterus, is a medical-surgical emergency. Our aim was to assess the incidence and maternal-fetal prognosis of uterine rupture. Materials Methods: This was a retrospective descriptive cross-sectional study conducted at the Kolondiéba reference health center over 2 years (January 1, 2022 to December 31, 2023). All cases of uterine rupture received and treated at the reference health center were included. Data were collected from delivery registers, operative reports and obstetric records. Results: We recorded 40 cases of uterine rupture out of 2329 deliveries (1.7%). The average age was 31.25 years, with extremes of 18 and 44 years. Large multiparous women were the most common (40%). The evacuations received represented (85%) and (60%) had taken place between (1 - 3 prenatal consultations). Rupture occurred in 55% of cases in healthy uteri. The diagnosis was evoked preoperatively in 60% of cases. The average waiting time before surgery was 93.30 minutes. Rupture was complete in 72.5% of cases, and hysterorrhaphy was performed in 87.5%. We have recorded 15% maternal complications, dominated by pneumopathy (5%), one case of maternal death (2.5%) and 17.5% newborn survival rate. Conclusion: Uterine rupture is a frequent complication at the Kolondiéba health center, with a poor fetal prognosis. It requires rapid management.