This prospective survey was conducted from February to December 2014 about the use ceftriaxone (ceftriaz) for antibioprophylaxy concerning 300 patients by the surgery staff in the Gabriel Touré Teaching Hospital in Mali. The quantity of drug used was based on the weight of the patient. One dose was administrated in intravenous at the anesthesiology induction time. For more than 2 hours of intervention time, 4 (1.3%) patients received a second dose. The majority of cases (189, 63%) were out of emergency (emergency cases—111, 37%). The mean age was 41.6 years (range: 3 - 95 years). The patients were classed Altmeir II 203 (67.7%) and Altmeir I 97 (32.3%). The NNISS score 0 concerned 101 (33.6%) and NNISS 1 in 180 (60%) patients. The factors of risky were anemia (38; 12.7%), diabetes (6; 2%), and HIV (3; 1%). The mean of intervention duration was 56.8 ± 27.5 minutes. Four cases of intervention site infection were encountered caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa in 2 patients; Escherichia coli (1 case), and Staphylococcus aureus (1 case). Conclusion: Antibioprohylaxy is not the only way to prevent infections but it stays necessary. The respect of hygien and aseptic measures should be used to reduce the rate of intervention site infection.
Martin, C., Bantz, P. and Gouin, F. (1994) Antibioprophylaxie en milieu chirurgical. Annales de Chirurgie, 415, 310-319.
Detry, R., Saba, J. and Kesterns, P.J. (1990) Prévention des complications infectieuses en chirurgie digestive Résultat d’expérience de 582 cas. Annales de Chirurgie, 40, 305-334.
Vachon, F. (1984) Méthodologie pratique pour l’usage rationnel de l’antibiothérapie à visée préventive. Médecine et Maladies Infectieuses, 14, 695-703. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0399-077X(84)80034-7
Classen, D.C., Evans, R.S., Pestotnik, S.L., et al. (1992) The Timing of Prophylactic Administration of Antibiotics and the Risk of Surgical Wound Infection. New England Journal of Medicine, 326, 281-286. http://dx.doi.org/10.1056/NEJM199201303260501
Ajibade, A. and Olaitan, P.B. (2014) Knowledge, Attitude and Practice of Peroperative Antibiotic Prophylaxis among Nurse-Anesthetists in Nigeria. Nigerian Journal of Medicine, 23, 142-148.
CDC Atlanta, Les infections nosocomiales (1990) Recommandations en matière d’enregistrement des infections nosocomiales. American Journal of Infection Control, 14, 1-10.
T?nz, M., Schmid, P. and Kaiser, G. (2002) Antibiotic Prophylaxis for Appendectomy in Children: Critical Appraisal. World Journal of Surgery, 24, 995-998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002680010161
Kernodle, D.S. (1998) Post Operative Infection and Antimicrobial Prophylaxis. American Journal of Infection Control, 27, 42-56.
Yamamoto, S. (2004) A Multicenter Prospective Study for Antibiotic Prophylactic to Prevent Preoperative Infection in Digestive Surgery. Hinyokikakiyo, 50, 673-683.
Mazaki, T., Mado, K., Masuda, H., et al. (2014) A Randomized Trial of Antibiotic Prophylaxis for Prevention of Surgical Site Infection after Open Mesh-Plug Hernia Repair. American Journal of Surgery, 207, 476-484. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.amjsurg.2013.01.047
Kitzis, M. (1991) Risques infectieux en chirurgie Antibioprophylaxie: Nouvelles stratégies 9ème congrès Fran?ais de chirurgie. La Revue du Praticien, 9, 15-21.
Haley, R.W., Hooton, T.M., Culver, D.H., Stanley, R.C., Grace Emori, T., David Hardison, C., et al. (1981) Nosocomial Infection in U.S. Hospitals 1975-1976: Estimated Frequency by Selected Characteristic of Patients. American Journal of Medicine, 70, 947-959. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0002-9343(81)90561-1
Lawer, S. (2001) Laboratorium microbiologie, Dienst Ziekenhnishygiène, laorbuklann. Pharmacy World and Science, 17, 36-40.
Nooyen, S.M., Overbeek, B.P., Brutel de la Rivière, A., Storm, A.J. and Langemeyer, J.J. (1994) Prospective Randomized Comparison of Single Dose versus Multiple-Dose Cefuroxime for Prophylaxis in Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting. European Journal of Chiropractic, 13, 1033-1037.
Raja’Aya, Salam, A.R., Salih, Y.A., et al. (2002) Surgical Site Infection. Annales de Chirurgie, 6, 9-17.
Martin, C., Vivian, X. and Gouin, F. (1999) Pratique de l’antibioprophylaxie en chirurgie. Anesthésie-réAnimation, 12, 983-987.
Wiedman, B. (1993) Résistance aux antibiotiques. Reviews of Infectious Diseases, 16-18.
Lallemand, S., Thouverez, M., Bailly, P., Bertrand, X. and Talon, D. (2002) Non-Observance of Guidelines for Surgical Antimicrobial Prophylaxis and Surgical Site Infection. Pharmacy World and Science, 24, 95-99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1016122202439
Eleck, S.D. and Conen, P.E. (1957) The Virulence of Staphylococcus pyogenes for Man: A Study of the Problems of Wound Infection. British Journal of Experimental Pathology, 38, 573-586.
Nguyen, D., Maceod, W.B. and Phung, D.C. (2002) Fungal Infections. New England Journal of Medicine 12, 25-34.
Pishort, T., Sidiqui, A.R. and Ahmed, M. (2003) Surgical Wound Infection Surveillance in General Surgery Procedures at a Teaching Hospital. Annales de Chirurgie, 10, 91-96.
Culver, D.H., Horan, T.C., Gaynes, R.P., Martone, W.J., Jarvis, W.R., Grace Emori, T., et al. (1991) Surgical Wound Infection Rates by Wound Class, Operative Procedure and Patient-Risk Index. American Journal of Medicine, 91, S152-S157. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0002-9343(91)90361-Z
Malone, D.L., Genitt, Tracy, J.K., et al. (2002) Surgical Site Infection. Pharmacy World and Science, 24, 95-98.
Dellamonica, P., Bernard, E., Maestracci, P., Berre, A., Etienne, M. and Bocquet, J.P. (1982) Facteurs discriminants du risque infectieux en chirurgie digestive réglée Essai à propos de 308 cas. Annales de Chirurgie, 36, 531-537.
Maucort Boulach, D., Tauboutin, S., et al. (2002) Rev Prat Paris, 47, 204-209.
Brun-Buisson, C. and Girou, E. (2000) Les infections nosocomiales: Bilan et perspectives. Revue Médecine/Sciences, 16, 892-899. http://dx.doi.org/10.4267/10608/1753
Sewonou, A., Rioux, C., Golliot, F., et al. (2000) Report on Patient Management Best Practices. Methods for Identifying Surgical Wound Infection. Annales de Chirurgie, 23, 86.
Polk, H.C. and Lopez-Mayor, J.F. (1989) Postoperative Wound Infection: A Prospective Study of Determinant Factors and Prevention. Surgery, 66, 97-103.
Arias, C.A., Quitero, G., Vanegas, B.E., et al. (2003) Surveillance of Surgical Site Infections: Decade of Experience at a Colombian Tertiary Care Center. World Journal of Surgery, 27, 529-533. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00268-003-6786-1
McCormack, J.G. and Barnes, M. (1993) Nosocomial Infection in a Developing Middle East Hospital. Médecine et Maladies Infectieuses, 7, 45-61.
Chamoine, Z. (2000) Prévention des infections nosocomiales Objectifs soins. Annales de Chirurgie, 83, 20-25.
Tulkens, P. and Spinervine, A. (1997) Université catholique de Louvain. Pharmacologie et Pharmacothérapie des anti-infectieux. Journal of Clinical Pharmacology, 13, 62-69.
Pryor, K.D. and Fahey, T.J. (2004) Biologic Variables Associated with Cummulus oocyte Complex Recovery Using Follicular Aspiration. American Journal of Surgery, 10, 62-69.
Anagonous, S.Y., Makoutode, M. and Amassoubdji, B. (1994) Sensibilité aux antibiotiques de Escherichia coli en milieu hospitalier à propos de 1468 souches isolées au centre hospitalier et universitaire de Cotonou. Médecine d’Afrique noire, 13, 8-10.