Three-Dimensional Architecture of the Mouse Tongue Muscles Using Micro-CT with a Focus on the Transverse, Vertical, and Genioglossus Muscles

Abstract

Background: The suitability of micro-computed tomography (CT) for soft tissue applications has been well documented. Although the application of micro-CT to the three dimensional (3D) structure of the tongue muscle has been reported, a 3D rendering and/or a schematic view of the tongue muscle has yet to be published. Material and Method: First, muse tongues were fixed and decalcified, and then the vertical muscle (Ve), the transverse muscle (Tr), and/or the genioglossus muscle of the mouse tongue (Ge) were analyzed using micro-CT and are shown in this report in rendered images and pattern diagrams. Results: 1) The Tr is classified into three parts: the first part extends from the middle to the apical part of the tongue; the second part is strongly connected to the superior longitudinal muscles of the tongue (Lo); the third part fans out from the middle to the root of the tongue. 2) The Ve is classified into two main groups: the first group joins the dorsal and the lateral parts of the tongue; the second group joins the dorsal part and the floor of the tongue. 3) Ge is classified into four parts: three parts comprise the Ge apical and middle parts of the tongue, with one part in the inferior longitudinal muscles of the tongue, one joining the lingual septum of the tongue (LS), and the other joining the sub-surface of the dorsal part of the Lo. The remaining Ge exits in a fan-like manner through the root of the tongue and then joins the Tr.