Influence of Smoking Status and Body Mass Index on Serum Carcinoembryonic Antigen Concentration in Patients with Thoracic Diseases
- 1 Department of Thoracic and Breast Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan
- 2 Department of Thoracic and Breast Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan
- 3 Department of Thoracic and Breast Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan
- 4 Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Although the serum carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) concentration is the well-known prognostic marker of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), serum CEA concentration has been reported to be affected by smoking status and body mass index (BMI). There are no previous investigations that examined the relationship between BMI and serum CEA concentration in thoracic disease, including NSCLC. METHODS: Consecutive 384 NSCLC patients and 87 patients with benign thoracic disease were enrolled. The relationship between serum CEA concentration and smoking status and BMI in patients with benign thoracic benign disease and NSCLC was examined. RESULTS: In patients with benign thoracic disease, serum CEA concentration significantly increased with smoking status and Brinkman index. However, serum CEA concentration was not related with BMI. Serum CEA concentration of patients with NSCLC was significantly higher than those with benign disease. In NSCLC patients, the relationship between serum CEA concentration and smoking status was also found. A significant relationship between serum CEA concentration and smoking status was also found in patients with adenocarcinoma which is known to have weaker associations with smoking in carcinogenesis. On the other hand, we failed to find the relationship between serum CEA concentration and BMI in NSCLC patients. CONCLUSION: Serum CEA concentration may be affected by smoking status but not BMI in our Japanese patients with thoracic disease. a
- Okada, M., Nishio, W., Sakamoto, T., Uchino, K., Yuki, T., Nakagawa, A. and Tsubota, N. (2004) Prognostic Significance of Perioperative Serum Carcinoembryonic Antigen in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: Analysis of 1,000 Consecutive Resections for Clinical Stage I Disease. The Annals of Thoracic Surgery, 78, 216-221. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.athoracsur.2004.02.009
- Sawabata, N., Maeda, H., Yokota, S., Takeda, S., Koma, M., Tokunaga, T. and Ito, M. (2004) Postoperative Serum Carcinoembryonic Antigen Levels in Patients with Pathologic Stage IA Nonsmall Cell Lung Carcinoma: Subnormal Levels as an IndiCator of Favorable Prognosis. Cancer, 101, 803-809. https://doi.org/10.1002/cncr.20421
- Tomita, M., Matsuzaki, Y., Edagawa, M., Shimizu, T., Hara, M. and Onitsuka, T. (2004) Prognostic Significance of Preoperative Serum Carcinoembryonic Antigen Level in Lung Adenocarcinoma But Not Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Annals of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, 10, 76-80.
- Alexander, J.C., Silverman, N.A. and Chretien, P.B. (1976) Effect of Age and Cigarette Smoking on Carcinoembryonic Antigen Levels. Journal of the American Medical Association, 235, 1975-1979. https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.1976.03260440027017
- Stevens, D.P. and Mackay, I.R. (1973) Increased Carcinoembryonic Antigen in Heavy Cigarette Smokers. Lancet, 2, 1238-1239.
- Chen, W., Liu, Q., Tan, S.Y. and Jiang, Y.H. (2013) Association between Carcinoembryonic Antigen, Carbohydrate Antigen 19-9 and Body Mass Index in Colorectal Cancer Patients. Molecular and Clinical Oncology, 1, 879-886.
- Park, J.S., Choi, G.S., Jang, Y.S., Jun, S.H. and Kang, H. (2010) Influence of Obesity on the Serum Carcinoembryonic Antigen Value in Patients with Colorectal Cancer. Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention, 19, 2461-2468. https://doi.org/10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-10-0569
- Chang, I.H., Ahn, S.H., Han, J.H., Kim, T.H., Kim, Y.S. and Myung, S.C. (2009) The Clinical Significance in Healthy Men of the Association between Obesity Related Plasma Hemodilution and Tumor Marker Concentration. The Journal of Urology, 181, 567-572. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.juro.2008.10.030
- Li, F., Shen, Z., Lu, Y., Wang, L. and Song, W. (2014) How Much Does Body Mass Index Affect Serum Carcinoembryonic Antigen Concentration? Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention, 23, 555-560. https://doi.org/10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-13-0661
- Okada, M., Nishio, W., Sakamoto, T., Uchino, K., Yuki, T., Nakagawa, A. and Tsubota, N. (2004) Effect of Histologic Type and Smoking Status on Interpretation of Serum Carcinoembryonic Antigen Value in Non-Small Cell Lung Carcinoma. The Annals of Thoracic Surgery, 78, 1004-1009. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.athoracsur.2004.03.019