The Mixed Berge Equilibrium in Extensive Form Games

Abstract

In this paper we apply the concept of a mixed Berge equilibrium to finite n -person games in extensive form. We study the mixed Berge equilibrium in both perfect and imperfect information finite games. In addition, we define the notion of a subgame perfect mixed Berge equilibrium and show that for a 2-person game, there always exists a subgame perfect Berge equilibrium. Thus there exists a mixed Berge equilibrium for any 2-person game in extensive form. For games with 3 or more players, however, a mixed Berge equilibrium and a subgame perfect mixed Berge equilibrium may not exist. In summary, this paper extends extensive form games to include players acting altruistically.