Diagnostic Value of HDL-C for CD4+ T Lymphocyte Levels in ART-Naïve HIV Patients: A Retrospective Study

Abstract

Objective and Method: Objective and Methods: To analyze the correlation between serum high-density lipoprotein (HDL-c) levels and CD4+ T lymphocyte counts in HIV patients who have not yet initiated antiretroviral therapy (ART). A retrospective study design was used to collect relevant data from newly diagnosed patients. Patients were divided into two groups based on their CD4+ T cell counts: Group A (CD4+ T cells < 200 cells/µL) and Group B (CD4+ T cells ≥ 200 cells/µL). To analyze the predictive value of HDL-C levels in diagnosing CD4+ T lymphocyte levels using SPSS software. Results: In the two groups of comparisons, significant differences were observed in age, CD8+ T lymphocyte count, CD4/CD8 ratio, serum uric acid level, HDL, and BLVL (lg) (BLVL). Binary logistic regression analysis after multiple iterations showed that high-density lipoprotein C and CD8+ T lymphocyte levels were positively correlated with CD4+ T lymphocyte levels, while lg (BLVL) was negatively correlated with CD4+ T lymphocyte levels. The ROC diagnostic curve results showed that when the high-density lipoprotein value was 1.015 mmol/L (AUC curve area ratio 0.596), the CD8+ T lymphocyte count was 747.5/µL (AUC curve area ratio 0.800), and the CD4/CD8 ratio was 0.283 (AUC curve area ratio 0.829). The ROC diagnostic curve results indicated that among these four factors, the CD4/CD8 ratio had the greatest diagnostic value, and the diagnostic value of high-density lipoprotein C was not inferior to that of the CD4/CD8 ratio and CD8+ T lymphocyte count. Conclusion: In the ROC diagnostic curve effect model, the diagnostic predictive value of HDL-c for CD4+ T lymphocytes was only higher than the baseline viral load level but inferior to the CD4/CD8 ratio and CD8+ T lymphocyte count levels. Current research indicates that high-density lipoprotein has limited diagnostic value as an independent predictor.