Greater Expansion of IFN-<i>γ</i><sup>﹣</sup> CD4<sup>+</sup> NKT Cells in HIV-1 Compared with HIV-2-Infected Subjects with Preserved CD4<sup>+</sup> T Cell Counts — Oak Academic Publishing
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Greater Expansion of IFN-<i>γ</i><sup>﹣</sup> CD4<sup>+</sup> NKT Cells in HIV-1 Compared with HIV-2-Infected Subjects with Preserved CD4<sup>+</sup> T Cell Counts
MRC Laboratories, Fajara, Banjul, The Gambia; School of Medical Sciences, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana
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MRC Laboratories, Fajara, Banjul, The Gambia; London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK
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MRC Laboratories, Fajara, Banjul, The Gambia; MRC Human Immunology Unit, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UK
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MRC Laboratories, Fajara, Banjul, The Gambia
1 MRC Laboratories, Fajara, Banjul, The Gambia; School of Medical Sciences, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana
2 MRC Laboratories, Fajara, Banjul, The Gambia; London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK
3 MRC Laboratories, Fajara, Banjul, The Gambia; MRC Human Immunology Unit, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UK
Context: Human Natural Killer T cells are T lymphocytes that express an invariant αβ T cells receptors and NK cells receptors. They regulate innate and adaptive immune response but are susceptible to HIV-1 infection. Objective: We compare the frequency and the activity of NKT cells in HIV-1 and HIV-2 infected individuals with CD4 + counts greater than 500/mm 3 using flow cytometry after overnight stimulation with phytohemagglutinin (PHA). Results: The frequency of NKT cells was similar between both groups and also to sero-negative control subjects. There were also no significant differences in the proportions of total NKT cells and the CD4 + NKT subset that secreted interferon gamma (IFN- γ ) after polyclonal stimulation. However, there was a significantly higher frequency of IFN- γ ﹣ CD4 + NKT cells in HIV-1-infected compared with HIV-2 infected subjects (p = 0.043). Conclusion: These data suggest there is no relationship between the functional activity of NKT cell subsets and the total NKT cell population in HIV infection. The expansion of IFN- γ ﹣ CD4 + NKT cells in HIV-1 infection may serve as target for viral infection and may eventually result in their depletion during chronic infection.
KeywordsNKT CellsHIV-1HIV-2IFN-gCD4 T Cells
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