Screening Outcomes of Hepatitis B and E among HIV Patients on HAART in Osogbo, South Western Nigeria

Abstract

Background: The lives of patients living with HIV/AIDs have improved in terms of longer life expectancy and quality. This has seen the emergence of complications of the disease and the drugs such as metabolic syndrome and re-emergence of tuberculosis. Co-infection with other viruses especially the hepatic viruses has also become a major source of concern. The aim of this research is to determine the incidence of hepatitis B and E among this group of patients. Methods and Findings: Blood samples were collected from 156 consecutive HIV positive patients on HAART, informed consent having been obtained previously. The patients were screened both for hepatitis B and E using standard procedures. A questionnaire was administered to all participants. The results are illustrated with tables following analysis with SPSS version 10. It was found that 24.5% were positive for hepatitis E while 7.8% were positive for hepatitis B. It was also found that educational status was the only statistical significant variable for HEV co-infection. Taking the value of alanine transaminase to be 12 U/L as upper limit of normal, the mean value for HEV positive patients obtained was 13.8U/L while for those HBV positive was 10U/L. Conclusion: From the findings, more emphasis should be placed on improving education of the populace. More research should be carried out to determine what subtypes of the viruses are present and their effects on the hepatic system using preferably non-invasive techniques. Also the variability of hepatic enzymatic activity needs more analysis.