Ni-Zn ferrite with a nominal composition of Ni 1–X Zn X Fe 2 O 4 (X = 0, 0.2, 0.6, 0.8, 0.9 & 1.0) ferrite powders have been successfully prepared at a very low temperature (180℃) by a novel auto combustion process using citric acid as a coordinating agent. Phase purity of the solid solutions has been confirmed by X-ray diffraction. Morphological, elemental composition characterizations of the prepared samples were performed by high resolution scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS). Magnetic properties of all samples are obtained by using VSM (Vibrating Sample Magnetometer) in the range of 10 K oe. The saturation magnetization values of the samples are carried out from the B-H loop. The effect of composition on saturation magnetization and magnetic moment are studied in this paper. The results showed that Saturation magnetization and magnetic moment values increases gradually as Zn 2+ composition increases, it reaches maximum value 70.28 emu/gm for (X = 0.6) and decreases further with increasing Zn 2+ composition.
KeywordsNi-Zn FerriteCitrate Precursor Auto CombustionSaturation MagnetizationMagnetic Moment
N. Matsushita, K. Kondo, S. Yoshida, M. Tada, M. Yoshimura and M. Abe, “Ni-Zn Ferrite Films Synthesized from Aqueous Solution Usable for Sheet-Type Conducted Noise Suppressors in GHz Range,” Journal of Electroceramics, Vol. 16, No. 4, 2006, pp. 557-560. doi:10.1007/s10832-006-9918-9
K. Kondo, T. Chiba, H. Ono, S. Yoshida, Y. Shimada, N. Matsushita and M. Abe, “Conducted Noise Suppression Effect up to 3 GHz by Ni-Zn Ferrite Film Plated at 90?C Directly onto Printed Circuit Board,” Journal of Applied Physics, Vol. 93, No. 10, 2003, pp. 7130-7132.
V. L. O. de Brito, A. C. da C. Migliano, L. V. Lemos and F. C. L. Melo, “Ceramic Processing Route and Characterization of a Ni-Zn Ferrite in Application in a Pulsed-Current Monitor,” Progress in Electromagnetics Research, Vol. 91, 2009, pp. 303-318. doi:10.2528/PIER09031603
T. Jahanbin and M. Hashim, “Magnetic and Morphological Characterization of Ni-Zn Ferrite Prepared from Nano Size Starting Powder via Coprecipitation Technique,” Solid State Science and Technology, Vol. 17, No. 2, 2009, pp. 243-249.
S. Albuquerque, J. D. Ardisson, W. A. A. Macedo and M. C. M. Alves, “Nanosized Powders of Ni-Zn Ferrite: Synthesis, Structure, and Magnetism,” Journal of Applied Physics, Vol. 87, No. 9, 2000, pp. 4352-4358.
B. D. Cullity, “Elements of X-Ray Diffraction,” Addison-Wesley Publishing Company, Inc., Boston, 1956.
H. Su, H. W. Zhang, X. L. Tang, Y. L. Jing and Y. L. Liu, “Effects of Composition and Sintering Temperature on Properties of NiZn and NiCuZn Ferrites,” Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials, Vol. 310, No. 1, 2007, pp. 17-21. doi:10.1016/j.jmmm.2006.07.022
J. L. Dormann and M. Nogues, “Magnetic Structures in Substituted Ferrites,” Journal of Physics: Condensed Matter, Vol. 2, No. 5, 1990, pp. 1223-1237. doi:10.1088/0953-8984/2/5/014
N. Rezlescu, E. Rezlescu, C. Pasnicu and M. L. Craus, “Effects of the Rare-Earth Ions on Some Properties of a Nickel-Zinc Ferrite,” Journal of Physics: Condensed Matter, Vol. 6, No. 29, 1994, pp. 5707-5716. doi:10.1088/0953-8984/6/29/013
A. E. Virden and K. O’Grady, “Structure and Magnetic Properties of NiZn Ferrite Nanoparticles,” Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials, Vol. 290-291, Part 2, 2005, pp. 868-870. doi:10.1016/j.jmmm.2004.11.398
A. M. El-Sayed, “Influence of Zinc Content on Some Properties of Ni-Zn Ferrites,” Ceramics International, Vol. 28, No. 4, 2002, pp. 363-367. doi:10.1016/S0272-8842(01)00103-1
Z. Zhong, Q. Li, Y. L. Zhang, H. S. Zhong, M. Cheng and Y. Zhang, “Synthesis of Nanocrystalline Ni-Zn Ferrite Powders by Refluxing Method,” Powder Technology, Vol. 155, No. 3, 2005, pp. 193-195. doi:10.1016/j.powtec.2005.05.060
A. Dias and R. L. Moreira, “Chemical, Mechanical and Dielectric Properties after Sintering of Hydrothermal Nickel-Zinc Ferrites,” Materials Letters, Vol. 39, No. 1, 1999, pp. 69-76. doi:10.1016/S0167-577X(98)00219-5
S. E. Jacobo, S. Duhalde and H. R. Bertorello, “Rare Earth Influence on the Structural and Magnetic Properties of NiZn Ferrites,” Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials, Vol. 272-276, No. 3, 2004, pp. 2253-2254.
S. D. Shenoy, P. A. Joy and M. R. Anantharaman, “Effect of Mechanical Milling on the Structural, Magnetic and Dielectric Properties of Coprecipitated Ultrafine Zinc Ferrite,” Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials, Vol. 269, No. 2, 2004, pp. 217-226. doi:10.1016/S0304-8853(03)00596-1
S. A. Morrison, C. L. Cahill, E. E. Carpenter, S. Calvin, R. Swaminathan, M. E. McHenry and V. G. Harris, “Magnetic and Structural Properties of Nickel Zinc Ferrite Nanoparticles Synthesized at Room Temperature,” Journal of Applied Physics, Vol. 95, 2004, pp. 6392-6395. doi:10.1063/1.1715132
J. J. Sun, J. B. Li, G. L. Sun and W. G. Qu, “Synthesis of Dense NiZn Ferrites by Spark Plasma sintering,” Ceramics International, Vol. 28, No. 8, 2002, pp. 855-858. doi:10.1016/S0272-8842(02)00064-0
A. Verma, T. C. Goel, R. G. Mendiratta and M. I. Alam, “Dielectric Properties of NiZn Ferrites Prepared by the Citrate Precursor Method,” Materials Science and Engineering: B, Vol. 60, No. 2, 1999, pp. 156-162. doi:10.1016/S0921-5107(99)00019-7
G. P. Lópeza, S. P. Silvetti, S. E. Urreta and E. D. Cabanillas, “Magnetic Interactions in High-Energy Ball-Milled NiZnFe2O4/SiO2 Composites,” Physica B: Condensed Matter, Vol. 398, No. 2, 2007, pp. 241-244. doi:10.1016/j.physb.2007.04.024
C. Upadhyay, D. Mishra, H. C. Verma, S. Anand and R. P. Das, “Effect of Preparation Conditions on Formation of Nanophase Ni-Zn Ferrites through Hydrothermal Technique,” Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materi- als, Vol. 260, No. 1-2, 2003, pp. 188-194. doi:10.1016/S0304-8853(02)01320-3
M. J. Iqbal, M. N. Ashiq, P. Hernandez-Gomezb and J. M. Munoz, “Synthesis, Physical, Magnetic and Electrical Properties of Al-Ga Substituted Coprecipitated Nanocrys- talline Strontium Hexaferrite,” Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials, Vol. 320, No. 6, pp. 881-886. doi:10.1016/j.jmmm.2007.09.005
L. Vegard, “Die Konstitution der Mischkristalle und die Raumfüllung der Atome,” Zeitschrift für Physik a Hadrons and Nuclei, Vol. 5, 1921, pp. 17-26.
Y.-P. Fu and S.-H. Wu, “Electrical and Magnetic Properties of Magnesium-Substituted,” Ceramics International, Vol. 36, 2010, pp. 1311-1317.
R. G. Kharake, R. S. Devan and B. K. Chougalu, “Structural And Electrical Properties Of Cd-Substituted Li-Ni Ferrites,” Journal of Alloys Compounds, Vol. 463, No. 1-2, 2008, pp. 67-72.
B. R. Karache, B. V. Khasbardar and A. S. Vanigam, “X-Ray, SEM and Magnetic Properties of Mg-Cd Ferrites,” Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials, Vol. 168, No. 3, 1997, pp. 292-298. doi:10.1016/S0304-8853(96)00705-6
R. D Shannon and C. T. Prewitt, “Revised Values of Effective Ionic Radii,” Acta Crystallographica Section B, Vol. 26, Part 7, 1970, pp. 1046-1048.
Pran kishan, D. R. Sagar and Press Swar, “Electrical Conduction and Dielectric Behaviour in Zinc-Substituted Lithium Ferrites,” Journal of Less Common Metals, Vol. 108, No. 2, 1985, pp. 345-351.
Z. H. Zoha, “Ferrites, Magnetic Materials,” Science Publishing House, Beijing, 1978.
A. A. Sattar, A. H. Wafik, K. M. El-Shokrofy and M. M. El-Tabby, “Magnetic Properties of Cu-Zn Ferrites Doped with Rare Earth Oxides,” Physica Status Solidi (a), Vol. 171, No. 2, 1999, pp. 563-569.
S. Singhal and K. Chandra, “Cation Distribution and Magnetic Properties in Chromium-Substituted Nickel Ferrites Prepared Using Aerosol Route,” Journal of Solid State Chemistry, Vol. 180, No. 1, 2007, pp. 296-300.
K. B Modi, H. H. Joshi and R. G. Kulkarni, “Magnetic Ordering in a Zn-Substituted Cu-Fe-Cr-O Ferrite System,” Indian Journal of Pure & Applied Physics, Vol. 34, 1996, p. 93.