Associated Factors with Vaccination among Girls Aged between (11) and (13) against Papillomaviruses in Koumpentoum Health District (Senegal)

Abstract

Introduction: Cervical cancer can be prevented by early vaccination of young people against papillomaviruses and screening for precancerous lesions. After a successful pilot phase, vaccination coverage in the generalization phase is low. The aim of this study was to determine papillomavirus vaccination coverage and to identify associated factors. Methods: This was a cross-sectional, descriptive and analytical study conducted from (1 st ) to (31 th ) September (2020) in Koumpentoum district. After a literature review, we conducted two-stage cluster sampling and direct structured interviews. Socio-demographic characteristics, knowledge, attitudes, and practices of mothers or guardians about papillomaviruses vaccination were collected using a standardized questionnaire. Multiple logistic regression was used to estimate odds ratios. Results: A total of (228) mothers or guardians were interviewed. Coverage for the first dose was (44.74%) CI 95% (38.17 - 51.44) compared to (25.88%) CI 95% (19.52 - 31.17) for the second dose. Factors statistically and significantly associated with coverage of the first dose of papillomaviruses vaccine were instruction of mothers or guardians (OR = 5.62 (3.16 - 9.99); p < 0.001), schooling of the young girls (OR = 4.1 (2.23 - 7.53); p < 0.001), information on cervical cancer (OR = 18.97 (5.68 - 63.24); p < 0.001), knowledge of risks factors (OR = 8.04 (4.4 1 - 14.63); p < 0.001), information on papillomaviruses vaccine (ORa = 10.26 (1.69 - 62.23); p = 0.011), knowledge on vaccine target (OR = 17.11 (8.51 - 34. 4 1); p < 0.001), knowledge of schedule vaccine (ORa = 3.67 (1.2 - 22.51); p = 0.022), knowledge of prevention methods (OR = 26.86 (12.22 - 59.05); p < 0.001), and to be favorable in expanded vaccination program in general (ORa = 18.71 (1.5 - 128.41]; p = 0.02). Conclusion: Vaccination of young girls against papillomaviruses in Koumpentoum health district could be improved by comprehensive interpersonal communication with mothers and guardians about cervical cancer and its prevention.