Research ArticleOpen AccessGoogle Scholar indexed
A Combination Vaccine against Encephalomyocarditis Virus and Porcine Circovirus Type 2 Induces Protective Immune Response in Pigs
College of Life Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
College of Life Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
- 1 College of Life Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
- 2 College of Life Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
- 3 College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
- 4 College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
- 5 College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
- 6 College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
World Journal of Vaccines·Volume 08 (2018)·Pages 30–37·Published 5 February 2018·DOI10.4236/wjv.2018.81004
Copy link · social · email
Abstract
Encephalomyocarditis virus (EMCV) and porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) are common causative agents with high infection rate in pig farms, thus a combined vaccine against both EMCV and PCV2 is highly desirable. In the present study, we developed an oil-adjuvant combination vaccine candidate comprising of inactivated EMCV and PCV2, and evaluated the safety and immunogenicity in mice and swine. The combination vaccine was found to elicit serum antibodies and had strong neutralization activity, more importantly, passive immunization with the combined vaccine protected swine against either EMCV or PCV2 lethal infections, whereas the monovalent vaccine only prevent the one of two virus challenge. Our results demonstrated the combined vaccine was safe and induced protective immune response in mice and swine as evident from sero-conservation as well as challenge studies in swine, indicating that component vaccines did not interfere with the immunogenicity of each other.
KeywordsEMCVPCV-2Combination VaccineSafetyImmunogenicity
- Gelmetti, D., Meroni, A., Brocchi, E., et al. (2006) Pathogenesis of Encephalomyocarditis Experimental Infection in Young Piglets: A Potential Animal Model to Study Viral Myocarditis. Veterinary Research, 37, 15-23. https://doi.org/10.1051/vetres:2005041
- Juncker-Voss, M., Prosl, H., Lussy, H., et al. (2003) Screening for Antibodies against Zoonotic Agents among Employees of the Zoological Garden of Vienna, Schonbrunn, Austria. Berliner und Munchener Tierarztliche Wochenschrift, 117, 404-409.
- LaRue, R., Myers, S., Brewer, L., et al. (2003) A Wild-Type Porcine Encephalomyocarditis Virus Containing a Short Poly (C) Tract Is Pathogenic to Mice, Pigs, and Cynomolgus Macaques. Journal of Virology, 77, 9136-9146. https://doi.org/10.1128/JVI.77.17.9136-9146.2003
- Billinis, C., Paschaleri-Papadopoulou, E., Psychas, V., et al. (1999) Persistence of Encephalomyocarditis Virus (EMCV) Infection in Piglets. Veterinary Microbiology, 70, 171-177. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0378-1135(99)00137-6
- Ge, X., Wang, F., Guo, X., et al. (2012) Porcine Circovirus Type 2 and Its Associated Diseases in China. Virus Research, 164, 100-106. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.virusres.2011.10.005
- Park, C., Jeong, J., Choi, K., et al. (2016) Efficacy of a New Bivalent Vaccine of Porcine Circovirus Type 2 and Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae (Fostera TM PCV MH) under Experimental Conditions. Vaccine, 34, 270-275. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vaccine.2015.11.034
- Jeoung, H.Y., Shin, B.H., Jeong, W.S., et al. (2012) A Novel Vaccine Combined with an Alum Adjuvant for Porcine Encephalomyocarditis Virus (EMCV)-Induced Reproductive Failure in Pregnant Sows. Research in Veterinary Science, 93, 1508-1511. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rvsc.2012.02.012
- Pogranichniy, R.M., Yoon, K.J., Yaeger, M., et al. (2004) Efficacy of Experimental Inactivated PCV2 Vaccines for Preventing PMWS in CDCD Pigs. Proc Annu Meet Am Assoc Swine Vet, Lowa, 35, 443-444.
- Fraile, L., Grau-Roma, L., Sarasola, P., et al. (2012) Inactivated PCV2 One Shot Vaccine Applied in 3-Week-Old Piglets: Improvement of Production Parameters and Interaction with Maternally Derived Immunity. Vaccine, 30, 1986-1992. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vaccine.2012.01.008
- Reed, L.J. and Muench, H. (1938) A Simple Method of Estimating Fifty Per Cent Endpoints. American Journal of Epidemiology, 27, 493-497. https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a118408
- Chang, H.T., Liu, H.M., Li, Y.T., et al. (2016) Analysis of Pathogenicity in Piglets Concurrent Infection with Encephalomyocarditis Virus under Immunosuppression Caused by Porcine Circovirus Type 2. Acta veterinaria et zootechnica Sinica, 47, 1435-1442.