Fault-Tolerant WSN Time Synchronization
- 1
- 2
- 3
- 4
Abstract
This paper proposes a new fault-tolerant time synchronization algorithm for wireless sensor networks that requires a short time for synchronization, achieves a guaranteed time synchronization level for all non-faulty nodes, accommodates nodes that enter suspended mode and then wake up, is computationally efficient, operates in a completely decentralized manner and tolerates up to f (out of 2 f + 1 total) faulty nodes. The performance of the proposed algorithm is analyzed, and an equation is derived for the resynchronization interval required for a specific level of synchronization precision. Results obtained from real runs on multi-hop networks are used to demonstrate the claimed features of the proposed algorithm.
- J. E. Elson, L. Girod and D. Estrin, “Fine-Grained Network Time Synchronization Using Reference Broadcasts,” The 5th Symposium on Operating Systems Design and Implementation, Vol. 36, No. Winter 2002, 2002, pp. 147- 163.
- S. Ganeriwal, R. Kumar and M. B. Srivastava, “Timing- Sync Protocol for Sensor Networks,” Proceeding of the 1st International Conference on Embedded Networked Sensor System, Los Angeles, 2003, pp. 138-149.
- M. Maroti, B. Kusy, G. Simon and A. Ledeczi, “The Flood- ing Time Synchronization Protocol,” Proceeding of the 2nd International Conference on Embedded Networked Sensor Systems, Baltimore, 2004, pp. 39-49.
- P. N. K. Sun and C. Wang, “Fault-Tolerant Cluster-Wise Clock Synchronization for Wireless Sensor Networks,” IEEE Transactions on Dependable and Secure Computing, Vol. 2, No. 3, 2005, pp. 177-189.
- S. Z. H. Song and G. Cao, “Attack-Resilient Time Synchronization for Wireless Sensor Networks,” Proceeding of the International Conference on Mobile Adhoc and Sensor Systems, Washington D.C., 2005, pp. 765–772.
- S. Hwang and Y. Baek, “Fault Tolerant Time Synchronization for Wireless Sensor Networks,” Lecture Note in Computer Science, Vol. 3894, 2006, pp. 480-493.
- P. N. K. Sun and C. Wang, “Secure and Resilient Clock Synchronization in Wireless Sensor Networks,” IEEE Transactions on Selected Areas in Communications, Vol. 24, No. 2, 2006, pp. 395-408.
- Q. Li and D. Rus, “Global Clock Synchronization in Sensor Networks,” IEEE Transactions on Computers, Vol. 55, No. 2, 2006, pp. 214-226.
- D. Mills, “Internet Time Synchronization: The Network Time Protocol,” IEEE Transactions on Communications, Vol. 39, No. 10, 1991, pp. 1482-1493.
- P. Ramathan, K. G. Shin and R. W. Butler, “Fault-Tolerant Clock Synchronization in Distributed Systems,” Computer, Vol. 23, No. 10, 1990, pp. 33-42.
- A. Papoulis and S. U. Pillai, “Probability, Random Variables and Stochastic Processes,” McGraw-Hill, New York, 2002.