An Energy-Efficient MAC Protocol for WSNs: Game-Theoretic Constraint Optimization with Multiple Objectives
- 1
- 2
- 3
- 4
Abstract
In WSNs, energy conservation is the primary goal, while throughput and delay are less important. This re-sults in a tradeoff between performance (e.g., throughput, delay, jitter, and packet-loss-rate) and energy con-sumption. In this paper, the problem of energy-efficient MAC protocols in WSNs is modeled as a game-theoretic constraint optimization with multiple objectives. After introducing incompletely cooperative game theory, based on the estimated game state (e.g., the number of competing nodes), each node independ-ently implements the optimal equilibrium strategy under the given constraints (e.g., the used energy and QoS requirements). Moreover, a simplified game-theoretic constraint optimization scheme (G-ConOpt) is pre-sented in this paper, which is easy to be implemented in current WSNs. Simulation results show that G-ConOpt can increase system performance while still maintaining reasonable energy consumption.
- I. F. Akyildiz, W. Su, Y. Sankarasubramaniam, et al., “Wireless sensor networks: a survey,” Computer Networks, Vol. 38, No. 4, pp. 393–422, March 2002.
- W. Ye, J. Heidemann, and D. Estrin, “An energy-efficient MAC protocol for wireless sensor networks,” INFOCOM, New York, Vol. 3, pp. 1567–1576, June 2002.
- T. Dam and K. Langendoen, “An adaptive energy- efficient MAC protocol for wireless sensor networks,” ACM SenSys, Los Angeles CA, November 2003.
- J. Polastre, J. Hill, and D. Celler, “Versatile low power media access for wireless sensor networks,” ACM SenSys, USA, pp. 95–107, November 2004.
- A. El-Hoiydi and J. D. Decotignie, “WiseMAC: An ultra low power MAC protocol for the downlink of infrastructure wireless sensor networks,” ISCC, Egypt. pp. 244–251, June 2004.
- P. Lin, C. Qiao, and X. Wang, “Medium access control with dynamic duty cycle for sensor networks,” WCNC, Atlanta, Georgia, March 2004.
- T. van Dam, K. Langendoen, “A adaptive energy-efficient MAC protocol for wireless sensor networks,” ACM SenSys, USA, pp 171–180, November 2003.
- P. D. Straffin, “Game theory and strategy,” The Mathematical Association of America, 1993.
- A. Agah, S. K. Das, and K. A. Basu, “Game theory based approach for security in wireless sensor networks,” IPCCC, USA, pp. 259–263, April 2004.
- R. Kannan, S. Sarangi, and S. S. Lyengar, “Sensor-centric energy-constrained reliable query routing for wireless sensor networks,” Journal of Parallel and Distributed Computing, Vol. 64, No. 7, pp. 839–852, July 2004.
- S. Sengupta and M. Chatterjee, “Distributed power control in sensor networks: A game theoretic approach,” IWDC, India, pp. 508–519, December 2004.
- X. Zhang, Y. Cai, and H. Zhang, “A game-theoretic dynamic power management policy on wireless sensor network,” ICCT, China, pp. 1–4, November 2006.
- L. Zhao, L. Guo, K. Yang, and H. Zhang, “An Energy- efficient MAC Protocol for WSNs: Game-theoretic constraint optimization,” IEEE International Conference on Communication Systems, China, pp. 114–118, November 2008.
- L. Zhao, L. Guo, J. Zhang, and H. Zhang, “A Game- theoretic MAC protocol for wireless sensor network,” Journal of IET Communications, Vol. 3, No. 8, pp. 1274–1283, August 2008.
- M. S. Garey and D. S. Johnson, “Computers and Intractability: Guide to the theory of NP-completeness,” W. H. Freeman, New York, 1979.